Defence
A line on a map joining places that receive the same duration of sunshine is called an:
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Answer: Option C — Isohel
Detailed Solution
An isohel is a line on a map that joins places receiving equal amounts (duration) of sunshine over a given period, such as a day, a month or a year. The word comes from the Greek "iso" (equal) and "helios" (Sun).
How sunshine is measured:
- The duration of bright sunshine is recorded with an instrument called a sunshine recorder.
- The common Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder uses a glass sphere that focuses sunlight to burn a trace on a card; the length of the burnt trace shows how many hours the Sun shone.
- Modern electronic sensors are also used.
Factors affecting sunshine duration:
- Latitude and season, which control the length of the day.
- Cloud cover: cloudy regions, such as those with monsoon rains or frequent fog, receive fewer hours of sunshine.
- Altitude and air pollution.
Distribution of sunshine:
- Hot deserts, such as the Sahara and the Thar Desert, have some of the highest sunshine durations, often over 3,000 to 4,000 hours a year.
- Places in the humid tropics and cloudy mid-latitude regions receive less sunshine.
- In India, western Rajasthan and Gujarat receive the most sunshine, which makes them suitable for large solar power parks.
Uses of isohel maps:
- Planning solar energy projects.
- Agriculture, since crops need sunlight for photosynthesis.
- Tourism and climate studies.
Common isolines and what they join:
- Isobar: equal atmospheric pressure.
- Isotherm: equal temperature.
- Isohume: equal humidity.
- Isoneph: equal cloud cover.
- Isohaline: equal salinity.
- Isonif: equal snowfall.
- Isoseismal line: equal earthquake intensity.
- Contour: equal height above sea level.
- Isochrone: equal travel time.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Isohume joins places with equal humidity.
- ✗Isoneph joins places with equal cloud cover.
- ✗Isotherm joins places with equal temperature.
Quick tip
Remember: Isohel = equal sunshine ("helios" = Sun); isoneph = equal cloud; isohume = equal humidity.
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This question tests your understanding of Atmosphere, Weather & Climate, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the composition and layers of the atmosphere, insolation and temperature, atmospheric pressure and the planetary winds, local winds, humidity, clouds and rainfall, cyclones and anticyclones, and the climatic regions of the world. Exam questions often test the layers of the atmosphere in order (troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere), the ozone layer in the stratosphere, and local winds such as the Loo (India), Chinook (North America) and Foehn (Alps). Learn the names given to tropical cyclones in different regions: hurricanes, typhoons and willy-willies. Practise the atmosphere, weather and climate questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.