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Question 10 of 38 · Centre-State Relations & Emergency Provisions
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The provisions relating to the relations between the Union and the States (legislative and administrative) are contained in:

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Answer: Option A — Part XI

Detailed Solution

Part XI of the Constitution deals with the relations between the Union and the States.

Two chapters of Part XI:

Chapter I, Legislative Relations: It deals with the extent of laws made by Parliament and by the State Legislatures, the distribution of legislative powers between them, and the powers of Parliament to legislate on state subjects in certain circumstances.

Chapter II, Administrative Relations: It deals with the control of the Union over the States in certain cases, and related matters.

Financial relations are dealt with separately in Part XII.

Legislative relations:

  • Parliament can make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India; a State Legislature can make laws for the whole or any part of the State.
  • The subjects of legislation are divided between the Union and the States.

Parliament can make laws on a state subject in certain situations: when the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution in the national interest, during a national emergency, when two or more states request it, to implement international treaties, and during President's Rule in a state.

In case of a conflict between a central law and a state law on a common subject, the central law generally prevails.

Administrative relations:

  • The Union can give directions to the States in certain matters, such as the construction and maintenance of means of communication of national or military importance, and the protection of railways.
  • The Union can entrust its functions to the States with their consent.

Commissions on Centre-State relations:

The Administrative Reforms Commission, the Rajamannar Committee (appointed by the Tamil Nadu government), the Sarkaria Commission and the Punchhi Commission.

Cooperative federalism:

The Centre and the States are expected to work together in a spirit of cooperation for the good of the country.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Part IX deals with the Panchayats; Part XIII with trade and commerce; Part XVIII with the Emergency provisions.

Quick tip

Remember: Part XI = Union-State relations (Chapter I: legislative; Chapter II: administrative); Part XII = finance.

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Centre-State Relations & Emergency Provisions — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Centre-State Relations & Emergency Provisions, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the distribution of legislative, administrative and financial powers between the Centre and the states, the Union, State and Concurrent Lists, inter-state councils and zonal councils, and the three types of emergency: national emergency (Article 352), President's rule (Article 356) and financial emergency (Article 360). Exams ask which list a subject falls in, which commission examined Centre-state relations (the Sarkaria and Punchhi Commissions), and how often each type of emergency has been declared. Remember that a financial emergency has never been declared in India, and that 'armed rebellion' replaced 'internal disturbance' as a ground for national emergency through the 44th Amendment. Practise the Centre-state relations and emergency provisions questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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