Dadra and Nagar Haveli, freed from Portuguese rule by local volunteers in 1954, was formally incorporated into India as a Union Territory by the:

The 10th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1961, incorporated Dadra and Nagar Haveli into the Indian Union as a Union Territory, with effect from 11 August 1961.

Background:

• Dadra and Nagar Haveli were small Portuguese enclaves surrounded by Indian territory, near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra.
• They had been under Portuguese control since the 18th century, after the Marathas ceded them to the Portuguese.

Liberation (1954):

• In July and August 1954, volunteers of the United Front of Goans, the National Movement Liberation Organisation, the RSS and other groups freed Dadra and Nagar Haveli from Portuguese rule.
• Dadra was freed on 22 July 1954, and Silvassa (the capital of Nagar Haveli) on 2 August 1954.
• From 1954 to 1961, the territory was administered by a local body called the Varishta Panchayat, as a de facto independent area.
• Portugal took the matter to the International Court of Justice, which in 1960 held that Portugal had a right of passage for civilians, but not for armed forces, so it could not reassert its control.

Incorporation (1961):

• The 10th Amendment formally made Dadra and Nagar Haveli a Union Territory of India, and amended the First Schedule.
• Article 240 was amended to allow the President to make regulations for its peace, progress and good government.

Merger with Daman and Diu (2020):

• On 26 January 2020, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu were merged into a single Union Territory, called "Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu", with its headquarters at Daman.
• This reduced the number of Union Territories in India.

Liberation Day:

2 August is celebrated as Liberation Day in Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

Other Portuguese territories:

Goa, Daman and Diu were freed from Portuguese rule in December 1961, by Operation Vijay.

Why not the other options?

• ✗The 9th, 13th and 18th Amendments dealt with other matters.