A plate boundary where two plates collide and one is pushed beneath the other is called a:

A convergent boundary is a place where two tectonic plates move towards each other. When they collide, the denser plate usually sinks beneath the other, or, if both are continental, the crust crumples into mountains. Since crust is destroyed here, these are also called destructive boundaries.

Three types of convergent boundaries:

Oceanic-continental: The denser oceanic plate sinks beneath the lighter continental plate. A deep trench forms offshore, and a chain of volcanic mountains rises on land. Example: the Nazca Plate sinking beneath the South American Plate, forming the Andes.

Oceanic-oceanic: One oceanic plate sinks beneath another, forming a deep trench and a curved chain of volcanic islands, called an island arc. Examples: Japan, the Aleutian Islands and the Philippines.

Continental-continental: Neither plate sinks easily because both are light. The crust is folded, thickened and pushed up into huge mountain ranges. Example: the Himalayas, formed by the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, beginning about 50 million years ago. The Alps were formed similarly by the collision of the African and Eurasian plates.

Features of convergent boundaries:

• Powerful earthquakes, including the strongest ever recorded.
• Explosive volcanoes, especially at oceanic-continental and oceanic-oceanic boundaries.
• Deep ocean trenches.
• Young fold mountains.
• Earthquakes in India: the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates makes the Himalayan region highly earthquake-prone, as seen in the 2015 Nepal (Gorkha) earthquake.

Summary of plate boundaries:

• Divergent (constructive): plates move apart; new crust forms; mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys.
• Convergent (destructive): plates move together; crust is destroyed or uplifted; trenches, volcanoes and fold mountains.
• Transform (conservative): plates slide past each other; crust is neither created nor destroyed; faults such as the San Andreas Fault.

Why not the other options?

• ✗At a divergent boundary, plates move apart.
• ✗At a transform boundary, plates slide past each other.
• ✗A passive margin is the edge of a continent that is not a plate boundary, such as much of the east coast of the USA.