Who described the Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) as 'the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it'?

• R. Ambedkar. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, in the Constituent Assembly, described Article 32 (the Right to Constitutional Remedies) as "the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it".

What Ambedkar said:

• He said that if he were asked to name any particular article of the Constitution as the most important, without which the Constitution would be a nullity, he would not refer to any other article except this one.
• He explained that a right is of no use unless there is a remedy to enforce it.

Article 32:

• It gives every person the right to move the Supreme Court directly for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights.
• It is itself a Fundamental Right, which makes the Supreme Court the "protector and guarantor" of the Fundamental Rights.
• The Supreme Court can issue directions, orders or writs for this purpose.

The five writs:

• Habeas corpus ("you may have the body"): to produce a person who has been detained, and to release him or her if the detention is illegal.
• Mandamus ("we command"): to order a public official or body to perform a duty.
• Prohibition: to stop a lower court or tribunal from acting beyond its jurisdiction.
• Certiorari ("to be certified"): to quash an order of a lower court or tribunal that acted without jurisdiction.
• Quo warranto ("by what authority"): to ask a person to show by what authority he or she holds a public office.

The High Courts:

The High Courts have similar, and even wider, powers to issue writs under Article 226, for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and also for other purposes.

Basic structure:

The Supreme Court has held that judicial review, including the power under Article 32, is part of the basic structure of the Constitution.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Nehru, Patel and Rajendra Prasad did not describe Article 32 in these words.