Bhavai, also known as Vesha or Swang, is a popular folk theatre form of which state?

The correct answer is Gujarat. Bhavai is a traditional form of folk theatre of Gujarat, also performed in parts of Rajasthan. It is also known as Vesha (meaning costume or disguise) or Swang. The word "Bhavai" is often explained as coming from "bhav" (expression or emotion) and also as being linked to Bhavani (the goddess Amba), since the performances are held in honour of the goddess.

According to tradition, Bhavai was created in the 14th century by Asaita Thakar, a Brahmin of the town of Unjha in northern Gujarat. The story says that he was expelled from his community for helping a girl from another caste, and he went on to write many plays, called veshas, which were performed by his descendants and by the Targala community. The performances are held in open spaces, often in village squares, and they combine song, dance, dialogue and humour. The plays deal with mythology, romance, history and, especially, social satire, criticising the injustices and follies of society. The music is provided by the bhungal (a long copper or brass trumpet), the tabla and cymbals. Bhavai performances traditionally began with a prayer to the goddess Amba and the entry of a clown-like figure called the Ranglo, who entertained the audience.

About the other options:

Maharashtra is known for Tamasha and Lavani.

Punjab is known for Bhangra, Giddha and the Naqqal tradition of comic performers. The word Swang (or Saang) is also used for folk theatre in Haryana and Punjab, which can cause confusion.

Karnataka is known for Yakshagana.

Rajasthan also has a dance called Bhavai, in which the dancers balance a tall stack of pots on their heads while dancing. This is different from the Bhavai folk theatre of Gujarat.