Question 210 of 253 · Indian Dance Forms
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The Sikkimese are known for their mask dance performed by Buddhist monks, known as:

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Answer: Option A — Cham

Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Cham. Cham (also spelt Chaam or Chham) is a masked dance performed by Buddhist monks in the monasteries of Sikkim, as well as in other Buddhist regions of the Himalayas, such as Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bhutan, Tibet and Nepal. It is a sacred ritual dance and is performed as part of religious festivals.

In the Cham dance, the monks wear elaborate, brightly coloured costumes made of silk brocade, and large painted masks that represent deities, protectors of the faith, animals, demons and other figures from Buddhist mythology. The dances are performed in the courtyard of the monastery, to the music of long horns (dungchen), drums, cymbals and oboes, played by other monks. The movements are slow, dignified and symbolic, and each gesture has a religious meaning. The dances usually depict the victory of good over evil and the triumph of Buddhism over the forces of darkness, and they are believed to bring blessings to the people who watch them and to purify the surroundings. In Sikkim, famous Cham performances are held at the Rumtek, Pemayangtse, Enchey, Tsuklakhang and Phodong monasteries, especially during festivals such as Losar (the Tibetan new year), Losoong (the Sikkimese new year and harvest festival), Pang Lhabsol and the Kagyed dance festival held before Losoong.

About the other options:

  • Maruni is a folk dance of the Nepali community of Sikkim, performed especially during the festival of Tihar (Diwali), by dancers in colourful costumes and jewellery.
  • Tamang Selo is a lively song and dance form of the Tamang community, performed to the beat of the damphu (a frame drum).
  • Chu Faat is a dance of the Lepcha community, performed in honour of Mount Kanchenjunga and its four neighbouring peaks.
  • These are all dances of Sikkim, but only Cham is the masked dance of the monasteries.

💡 Exam tip

Cham masked dances are found in Sikkim, Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh and Bhutan. If the question mentions Buddhist monks and masks in Sikkim, the answer is Cham. In Ladakh, the Hemis festival is famous for its Cham dances.

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Indian Dance Forms — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian Dance Forms, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

Indian dance forms are one of the most frequently tested areas of static GK. This topic covers the eight classical dances recognised by the Sangeet Natak Akademi (Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Manipuri, Mohiniyattam and Sattriya), the folk and tribal dances of every state, and related terms such as mudra, abhinaya, lasya and tandava. Most questions ask which state a dance belongs to, which community performs it, or which feature identifies a classical style. Learn the classical dances with their state and one signature feature each, such as the face make-up of Kathakali or the brass plate of Kuchipudi. For folk dances, group them state by state, since exams often list three or four dances and ask for the common state. Watch for dances shared by more than one state, such as Chhau, which has three styles. Practise the Indian dance forms questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.