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The All India Muslim League passed the resolution demanding separate independent states for Muslims (later called the 'Pakistan Resolution') at its Lahore session in:
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Answer: Option C — 1940
Detailed Solution
The All India Muslim League passed the "Lahore Resolution", demanding independent states for the Muslims in the north-western and eastern zones of India, at its Lahore session on 23 March 1940.
About the Lahore session:
- It was held from 22 to 24 March 1940, at the Minto Park in Lahore.
- It was presided over by Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
The resolution was moved by A. K. Fazlul Haq, the Premier (Chief Minister) of Bengal.
It did not use the word "Pakistan", but the press soon called it the "Pakistan Resolution", and the name stuck.
What the resolution said:
It said that no constitutional plan would be acceptable to the Muslims unless the areas in which Muslims were in a majority, in the north-western and eastern zones of India, were grouped to constitute "independent states".
It asked for adequate safeguards for minorities.
The two-nation theory:
In his presidential address, Jinnah said that Hindus and Muslims belonged to two different religious philosophies, social customs and literatures, and that they were two separate nations.
The name "Pakistan":
The name "Pakistan" had been suggested a few years earlier by a group of Indian Muslim students at Cambridge.
Background:
- The Muslim League had performed poorly in the provincial elections of 1937, while the Congress formed governments in most provinces.
- The League accused the Congress ministries of being unfair to Muslims, and gained support after their resignation in 1939.
NCERT on the resolution:
NCERT notes that the Muslim League's resolution of 1940 demanded "Independent States" for Muslims in the north-western and eastern areas of the country, and that it did not mention partition or Pakistan.
Commemoration:
23 March is observed as Pakistan Day in Pakistan; the Minar-e-Pakistan stands at the site in Lahore.
Why not the other options?
- ✗1930, 1937 and 1946 are not the year of this resolution.
Quick tip
Remember: Lahore Resolution (Pakistan Resolution) = Muslim League, 23 March 1940 (Jinnah presided, moved by Fazlul Haq); it did not use the word "Pakistan".
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Indian National Congress & Its Sessions — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Indian National Congress & Its Sessions, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A. O. Hume, and its first session was held in Bombay under W. C. Bonnerjee. This topic covers the important Congress sessions and their presidents, the moderate and extremist phases, the Surat split, and the founding and role of the Muslim League. Questions commonly ask who presided over a session, where a session was held, or what was decided there. For example, the 1929 Lahore session under Jawaharlal Nehru adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj, and the 1931 Karachi session passed the resolution on Fundamental Rights. The first woman president of the Congress was Annie Besant (Calcutta, 1917). Practise the Indian National Congress questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.