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Question 22 of 60 · Indian National Congress & Its Sessions
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Defence

The freedom fighter and lawyer Chittaranjan Das of Bengal was popularly known as:

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Answer: Option B — Deshbandhu

Detailed Solution

Chittaranjan Das (C. R. Das) was popularly known as "Deshbandhu" ("Friend of the Nation").

About C. R. Das:

  • He was born on 5 November 1870 in Calcutta.
  • He studied in England and became a barrister.
  • He became one of the most successful lawyers of Calcutta.
  • He became famous for his brilliant defence of Aurobindo Ghosh in a conspiracy case (1908-1909), in which Aurobindo was acquitted.
  • He also defended other nationalists and revolutionaries.

His role in the national movement:

  • He was a leading member of the Congress in Bengal.
  • During the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), he gave up his very lucrative legal practice and donated his property to the nation.
  • He was arrested and imprisoned in 1921.
  • After the Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn, he argued that the Congress should enter the legislative councils and obstruct the government from within.
  • When his proposal was rejected, he formed a new party with Motilal Nehru (1923).
  • He became the first Mayor of the Calcutta Corporation in 1924.
  • He worked for Hindu-Muslim unity, and made the "Bengal Pact" (1923) with Muslim leaders.

His death:

  • He died on 16 June 1925 at Darjeeling.
  • He donated his house to the nation; it became the Chittaranjan Seva Sadan, a hospital for women.

Places named after him:

  • Chittaranjan, the town in West Bengal with the Chittaranjan Locomotive Works, is named after him.
  • The Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute in Kolkata.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗"Deshpriya" was Jatindra Mohan Sengupta; "Netaji" was Subhas Chandra Bose; "Gurudev" was Rabindranath Tagore.

Quick tip

Remember: C. R. Das = "Deshbandhu" (defended Aurobindo; gave up his practice in 1921; first Mayor of Calcutta 1924; Bengal Pact 1923; Chittaranjan town named after him).

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Indian National Congress & Its Sessions — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian National Congress & Its Sessions, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A. O. Hume, and its first session was held in Bombay under W. C. Bonnerjee. This topic covers the important Congress sessions and their presidents, the moderate and extremist phases, the Surat split, and the founding and role of the Muslim League. Questions commonly ask who presided over a session, where a session was held, or what was decided there. For example, the 1929 Lahore session under Jawaharlal Nehru adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj, and the 1931 Karachi session passed the resolution on Fundamental Rights. The first woman president of the Congress was Annie Besant (Calcutta, 1917). Practise the Indian National Congress questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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