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Question 26 of 60 · Indian National Congress & Its Sessions
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The resolution on Fundamental Rights and the National Economic Programme was adopted by the Congress at its:

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Answer: Option C — Karachi session (1931)

Detailed Solution

The resolution on Fundamental Rights and the National Economic Programme was adopted by the Indian National Congress at its Karachi session in March 1931, presided over by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

Background:

  • The Karachi session was held soon after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact and the execution of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru.
  • The session endorsed the Pact, and also paid tribute to the martyrs.

The resolution:

It was drafted by Jawaharlal Nehru, and was moved by Gandhi.

NCERT on the Karachi resolution:

NCERT notes that the Karachi Congress resolution of 1931 committed the Congress to a set of fundamental rights and economic policies that it would implement after independence.

Main points of the resolution:

  • Fundamental rights: freedom of speech, of the press and of association; freedom of conscience and religion; equality before the law irrespective of religion, caste or sex.
  • Universal adult franchise.
  • Free and compulsory primary education.
  • A living wage and limited hours of work for workers; protection of women workers.
  • Substantial reduction in rent and land revenue, and relief from agricultural debt.
  • State ownership or control of key industries, mines and means of transport.
  • The protection of the culture, language and script of minorities.
  • Religious neutrality of the state.

Significance:

  • It was the first time the Congress spelled out what freedom would mean for the common people.
  • It showed the influence of socialist ideas on the Congress.
  • Many of its ideas were later included in the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy of the Constitution of India.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗The Lahore session adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj.
  • ✗The Gaya session discussed the question of council entry.
  • ✗The Lucknow session saw the Congress-League agreement.

Quick tip

Remember: Fundamental Rights and Economic Programme resolution = Karachi session (March 1931, President Sardar Patel; drafted by Nehru); forerunner of Fundamental Rights and DPSP.

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Indian National Congress & Its Sessions — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian National Congress & Its Sessions, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A. O. Hume, and its first session was held in Bombay under W. C. Bonnerjee. This topic covers the important Congress sessions and their presidents, the moderate and extremist phases, the Surat split, and the founding and role of the Muslim League. Questions commonly ask who presided over a session, where a session was held, or what was decided there. For example, the 1929 Lahore session under Jawaharlal Nehru adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj, and the 1931 Karachi session passed the resolution on Fundamental Rights. The first woman president of the Congress was Annie Besant (Calcutta, 1917). Practise the Indian National Congress questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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