Mohenjo-daro, in the Larkana district of Sindh, was discovered in 1922 by:

Rakhaldas Banerji (R. D. Banerji), an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India, discovered the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro in 1922.

How it was discovered:

• Banerji went to the site, which had a Buddhist stupa of the Kushana period on top of a mound.
• While excavating the stupa, he found much older layers below it, with seals and other objects.
• He noticed that the seals were similar to those found earlier at another site in Punjab, which suggested that both belonged to the same ancient culture.
• This led to the recognition of the Indus Valley Civilisation as a separate and very ancient civilisation, older than the Vedic period.
• The finds were announced to the world in 1924.

About R. D. Banerji:

• He was born in 1885 in Baharampur, West Bengal, and died in 1930.
• He was an archaeologist, historian and epigraphist (a scholar of inscriptions).
• He also wrote historical novels in Bengali, such as "Pashaner Katha" and "Shashanka".
• He wrote "The Origin of the Bengali Script" and books on the history of Orissa (Odisha).

Main features of Mohenjo-daro:

• The "Great Bath".
• A large building called the "Granary" or "Great Hall".
• The "Assembly Hall".
• Finds such as the "Priest-King" sculpture, and seals with animals.

About later excavations:

Further excavations at Mohenjo-daro were carried out in the 1920s and 1930s by other officers of the ASI, and later by George Dales in the 1960s.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Daya Ram Sahni was another ASI officer of the same period.
• ✗N. Dikshit worked at Mohenjo-daro and later became Director-General of the ASI.
• ✗B. Lal is known for his work at Kalibangan, Hastinapur and the Ramayana sites.