SSC
The original Constitution of India was handwritten in English by:
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Answer: Option C — Prem Behari Narain Raizada
Detailed Solution
The original Constitution of India was not printed or typed; it was handwritten. Prem Behari Narain Raizada (also spelt Raizada or Saxena), a calligrapher from Delhi, wrote the entire English version by hand in a flowing italic style.
Raizada had learnt calligraphy from his grandfather, Ram Prasad Saxena, a scholar of calligraphy. When Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru asked him to write the Constitution and asked what fee he would charge, Raizada declined any payment. His only request was that he be allowed to write his name on every page of the Constitution and his grandfather's name on the last page, which was accepted. He took about six months to complete the work, using hundreds of nibs. The handwritten English version runs to 251 pages and weighs about 3.75 kilograms.
The Hindi version of the original Constitution was handwritten (calligraphed) by Vasant Krishan Vaidya.
The pages were decorated by artists from Shantiniketan (Kala Bhavana), under the guidance of the famous painter Nandalal Bose. Each of the 22 parts begins with an illustration depicting a scene from India's history and culture, such as the Indus Valley seal of a bull, scenes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, the Buddha, Mahavira, Ashoka, Akbar, Shivaji, Guru Gobind Singh, Rani Lakshmibai, Gandhi's Dandi March and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. Beohar Rammanohar Sinha, a student of Nandalal Bose, decorated the Preamble page.
The Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949, and 284 members of the Constituent Assembly signed both the handwritten copies on 24 January 1950. The original copies are kept in special helium-filled cases in the Library of the Parliament of India to preserve them.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Nandalal Bose led the artists who illustrated the Constitution.
- ✗Vasant Krishan Vaidya calligraphed the Hindi version.
- ✗Beohar Rammanohar Sinha decorated the Preamble page.
Quick tip
Remember: English Constitution handwritten by Prem Behari Narain Raizada; Hindi by Vasant Krishan Vaidya; illustrations by Nandalal Bose's team; Preamble decorated by Beohar Rammanohar Sinha.
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Making & Sources of the Constitution — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Making & Sources of the Constitution, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers how the Indian Constitution was made: the Constituent Assembly, its committees and members, the drafting process and key dates, and the features India borrowed from other constitutions, such as the parliamentary system from Britain and Fundamental Rights from the USA. Exams frequently ask who chaired the Drafting Committee (B. R. Ambedkar), who was President of the Constituent Assembly (Rajendra Prasad), and when the Constitution was adopted (26 November 1949) and came into force (26 January 1950). Questions on borrowed features are very common, so learn a table of features and their source countries. Practise the making of the Constitution questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.