The Jat rebellion against Aurangzeb, which broke out in the Mathura region in 1669, was first led by:

The Jat rebellion against Aurangzeb, which broke out in the Mathura region in 1669, was first led by Gokula (Gokul Jat), the zamindar of Tilpat (near Delhi).

Causes of the revolt:

• The Jats were a community of peasants and landholders in the region around Delhi, Agra and Mathura.
• They were unhappy with the heavy land revenue demands and the oppression of local Mughal officials.
• Aurangzeb's religious policy, including action against temples in Mathura, added to the discontent.

The revolt of 1669:

• Gokula led the peasants in refusing to pay revenue and attacking Mughal officials; the faujdar of Mathura, Abdun Nabi, was killed.
• Aurangzeb sent a large army against the rebels.
• In a fierce battle near Tilpat, the Jats were defeated.
• Gokula was captured and executed at Agra in 1670.

Later Jat resistance:

• In the 1680s, Raja Ram Jat of Sinsini renewed the rebellion; his followers plundered the area around Agra and attacked Mughal monuments (1688).
• He was killed in 1688.
• Churaman, his successor, continued the struggle and built a power base in the region.
• Badan Singh later founded a Jat kingdom, with its capital at Deeg.
• Under a later ruler, the Jat kingdom with its capital at Bharatpur became very powerful in the 18th century.

Other revolts against Aurangzeb:

• The Satnamis (1672), a religious sect of peasants and artisans near Narnaul.
• The Sikhs, under Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh.
• The Rajputs of Marwar (from 1679), led by Durgadas Rathore.
• The Bundelas, under Chhatrasal.
• The Marathas, under Shivaji and his successors.

NCERT on the Jats:

NCERT notes that the Jats consolidated their power during the late 17th and 18th centuries, and that their towns, such as Bharatpur and Deeg, became important centres.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Churaman and Badan Singh were later Jat leaders.
• ✗Bhim Singh is not linked with this revolt.