Police
Which gharana of Hindustani music was founded by Ali Baksh Jarnail and Fateh Ali Khan?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)View answer ā¾Hide ā“
Answer: Option D ā Patiala gharana
Detailed Solution
The Patiala gharana is a school (style) of Hindustani classical vocal music. It was founded in the 19th century by Ustad Ali Baksh Jarnail (Jarnail Khan) and Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, popularly known as "Aliya-Fattu". They were court musicians of the Maharaja of Patiala in Punjab. Ali Baksh is said to have got the title "Jarnail" (General) from the Maharaja because of his excellence in music. They had trained under masters of the Gwalior and Delhi traditions.
Features of the Patiala gharana:
- Fast, complex and intricate taans (rapid note passages), especially "firat" taans.
- Emphasis on emotion and beauty of expression in khayal.
- Great skill in semi-classical forms, especially thumri, as well as tappa and ghazal.
- Use of difficult layakari (rhythmic play).
The most famous singer of the Patiala gharana was Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan (1902-1968), known for his powerful voice and his thumris such as "Yaad Piya Ki Aaye" and "Prem ke phande". He sang in the film "Mughal-e-Azam". He received the Padma Bhushan in 1962. Other singers of this gharana include Barkat Ali Khan, Ajoy Chakrabarty, and Pakistani singers such as Amanat Ali and Fateh Ali.
Some other gharanas of Hindustani vocal music:
- Gwalior gharana: the oldest khayal gharana, founded by Haddu, Hassu and Nathu Khan.
- Kirana gharana: founded by Abdul Karim Khan; Bhimsen Joshi and Gangubai Hangal belonged to it.
- Agra gharana: known for Faiyaz Khan.
- Jaipur-Atrauli gharana: founded by Alladiya Khan; Kishori Amonkar belonged to it.
Why not the other options?
- āGwalior gharana was founded by Haddu and Hassu Khan.
- āKirana gharana was founded by Abdul Karim Khan.
- āAgra gharana is linked with Ustad Faiyaz Khan.
Quick tip
Remember: Patiala gharana = Ali Baksh Jarnail and Fateh Ali Khan ("Aliya-Fattu"); star singer Bade Ghulam Ali Khan; Kirana = Abdul Karim Khan, Bhimsen Joshi.
š¬ Discussions on this question
Ask a doubt āŗStill stuck on this question? Ask our faculty and fellow students ā answers appear here.
Ask a doubtMore Music & Musical Instruments Questions
View all āŗ- Q1.In which year was the Buddhist chanting of Ladakh inscribed on UNESCO's list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity?
- Q2.In which year was the Tradition of Vedic Chanting inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity?
- Q3.Which is the main percussion instrument used in the performance of Mohiniyattam?
- Q4.Who is known as the 'Father of Carnatic Music'?
- Q5.Before joining Akbar's court, Tansen served as a court musician to which ruler?
More General Knowledge Questions
- Q1.The techniques of Rasa and Bhava used in Indian classical dance trace their origin to which ancient text?Indian Dance Forms
- Q2.Lavani, Powada, Koli, Waghya Murali and Dhangari Gaja are folk dances of which state?Indian Dance Forms
- Q3.The one-act play associated with the Sattriya tradition of Assam is called:Indian Dance Forms
- Q4.Which dance form of Goa is known as the 'Warrior Dance'?Indian Dance Forms
- Q5.Manipuri dance is based on the Rasleela themes of:Indian Dance Forms
Music & Musical Instruments ā Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Music & Musical Instruments, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers Indian classical music, its two main traditions (Hindustani and Carnatic), gharanas, ragas and talas, folk music styles, and the musical instruments of India along with the artists who are famous for playing them. It also includes the four classes of instruments: string (tata), wind (sushira), percussion (avanaddha) and solid (ghana). Exam questions usually pair an instrument with its maestro, such as the sitar with Pandit Ravi Shankar, the shehnai with Ustad Bismillah Khan or the santoor with Pandit Shivkumar Sharma. Other common questions ask about the origin of a gharana, the instrument a folk style uses, or the class an instrument belongs to. Making a two-column list of instruments and artists is the quickest way to revise. Practise the music and musical instruments questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.