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Question 19 of 98 · Parliament
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The 'special address' by the President to both Houses of Parliament assembled together at the commencement of the first session after each general election and of the first session of each year is provided under:

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Answer: Option A — Article 87(1)

Detailed Solution

Article 87(1) provides that at the commencement of the first session after each general election to the Lok Sabha, and at the commencement of the first session of each year, the President shall address both Houses of Parliament assembled together and inform Parliament of the causes of its summons.

The President's address:

  • It is popularly called the "special address" or the "President's address".
  • It is prepared by the government (the Council of Ministers), and outlines the government's policies, achievements and legislative programme for the coming year.
  • The President reads the address in the Central Hall of Parliament (now in the new Parliament building).
  • After the address, each House discusses a "Motion of Thanks" on the President's address.

The Motion of Thanks:

  • Members can move amendments to the motion.
  • The motion must be passed by the Lok Sabha; if it is defeated, it amounts to a defeat of the government.
  • Article 87(2) provides that the rules of procedure of each House shall allow time for the discussion of matters referred to in the address.

Related provisions:

  • Article 85: The President shall summon each House of Parliament from time to time, so that six months do not intervene between two sessions; the President can also prorogue the Houses and dissolve the Lok Sabha.
  • Article 86: The President may address either House or both Houses assembled together, and may send messages to the Houses.
  • Article 108: The President may summon a joint sitting of both Houses to resolve a deadlock over an ordinary bill.

In the States:

  • Article 176 makes a similar provision for the Governor's special address to the State Legislature.
  • Good to know
  • Article 85 deals with the summoning, prorogation and dissolution of the Houses; Article 86 with the President's general right to address and send messages; Article 108 with joint sittings.

Quick tip

Remember: Article 87(1) = President's special address to both Houses at the first session after each general election and the first session of each year; Motion of Thanks follows.

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Parliament — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Parliament, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the Parliament of India: the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, their composition, powers and officers, sessions, the law-making process, money bills, joint sittings, parliamentary committees, and devices such as question hour, zero hour and the various motions. Typical questions ask about the maximum strength of each house, the minimum age for members, who certifies a money bill (the Speaker), who presides over a joint sitting, and which committee is chaired by a member of the opposition (the Public Accounts Committee, by convention). Note the special powers of the Rajya Sabha under Articles 249 and 312. Practise the Parliament questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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