'Madhava Nidana', a medieval Ayurvedic text with 69 chapters, deals exclusively with:

"Madhava Nidana" (also called "Roga Vinishchaya") is an Ayurvedic text that deals exclusively with the diagnosis (nidana) of diseases.

About Madhava Nidana:

• It was written by Madhavakara, around the 7th-8th century CE (some sources place it later).
• "Nidana" means diagnosis, or the study of the causes of disease.
• It has 69 chapters (some editions have more).
• It describes a large number of diseases, along with their causes, early signs, symptoms, nature and prognosis.

It uses the "Pancha Nidana" (five methods of diagnosis):

• "Nidana": the cause.
• "Purvarupa": the early signs (prodromal symptoms).
• "Rupa": the full symptoms.
• "Upashaya": the diagnosis by trying certain treatments and observing the results.
• "Samprapti": the way the disease develops (pathogenesis).
• It was the first Ayurvedic text devoted entirely to diagnosis, and became a standard text for students of Ayurveda.
• It was translated into Arabic in the 8th century, under the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid.
• Important commentaries include the "Madhukosha".

Other important Ayurvedic texts:

• "Ashtanga Hridaya" and "Ashtanga Sangraha": by Vagbhata; summaries of Ayurveda.
• "Sharangadhara Samhita": pharmacy and the preparation of medicines; it also discusses pulse examination.
• "Bhavaprakasha": a later text by Bhavamishra (16th century).

Ayurveda today:

• The Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa and Homoeopathy) was formed in 2014.
• "National Ayurveda Day" is celebrated on Dhanvantari Jayanti (Dhanteras).
• The WHO Global Centre for Traditional Medicine was set up at Jamnagar, Gujarat (foundation stone laid in 2022).

Why not the other options?

• ✗Surgery is the subject of other texts.
• ✗Pharmacy is the subject of the Sharangadhara Samhita.
• ✗Veterinary medicine has other texts.