Question 17 of 17 · Socio-Religious Reform Movements
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SSC

Gopal Krishna Gokhale founded the Servants of India Society, to train national missionaries for the service of India, in:

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Answer: Option C — 1905

Detailed Solution

Gopal Krishna Gokhale founded the Servants of India Society in Poona (Pune) on 12 June 1905.

Aims of the Society:

  • To train "national missionaries" for the service of India.
  • To promote, by constitutional means, the true interests of the Indian people.
  • To work for education, social reform, the welfare of the poor and the depressed sections, and communal harmony.

Rules for its members:

  • Members had to take a vow to devote their whole lives to the service of the country.
  • They had to live simple lives, accept a small allowance fixed by the Society, and not seek personal gain.
  • They had to undergo a period of training (usually five years).

Work of the Society:

  • It worked in famine relief, flood relief, education, cooperative movements, labour welfare, tribal welfare and the uplift of women.
  • Its members worked among the depressed classes and the poor.

Famous members:

  • S. Srinivasa Sastri, who became the President of the Society after Gokhale's death.
  • M. Joshi, who founded the All India Trade Union Congress (1920) and worked for the rights of workers.
  • Hridayanath Kunzru.
  • V. Thakkar ("Thakkar Bapa"), who worked for tribals and Dalits.
  • K. Devadhar, who founded the Seva Sadan in Poona.

Publications:

The Society published the newspaper "Hitavada" (Nagpur).

About Gokhale:

  • He was a leading Moderate leader and an economist.
  • He was President of the Congress at its Banaras session in December 1905.
  • He was a member of the Imperial Legislative Council, where he criticised the government's budget and policies.
  • He died in 1915.

Other organisations of the time:

The Deccan Education Society (1884), which founded the Fergusson College, Pune.

The Social Service League (1911), founded by N. M. Joshi.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗1885 was the year the Congress was founded.
  • ✗1897 and 1915 were not the year of the Society's founding.

Quick tip

Remember: Servants of India Society = Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Poona, 12 June 1905 (national missionaries; members V. S. Srinivasa Sastri, N. M. Joshi, Thakkar Bapa).

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Socio-Religious Reform Movements — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Socio-Religious Reform Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

In the 19th century, reformers worked to remove social evils and revive Indian society. This topic covers organisations such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical Society, Satyashodhak Samaj and the Aligarh Movement, along with their founders and the social reforms they achieved. Questions usually ask who founded an organisation and when, or which reformer is linked to a reform. For example, Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj and campaigned against sati, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar championed widow remarriage, and Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj. A table of organisation, founder, year and place covers most questions. Practise the socio-religious reform movements questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.