SSC
The Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, an educational and cultural trust, was founded in Bombay in 1938 by:
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Answer: Option B — K. M. Munshi
Detailed Solution
- Munshi. The Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan was founded in Bombay (Mumbai) on 7 November 1938 by Dr Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi (K. M. Munshi), with the blessings of Mahatma Gandhi.
About the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan:
- It is an educational and cultural trust, dedicated to the promotion of Indian culture, values and education.
- Its aim is to reintegrate Indian education with Indian culture and to spread the knowledge of Indian heritage.
- It runs schools, colleges, institutes of management, journalism and the arts, both in India and abroad.
It publishes books on Indian culture, history, philosophy and literature, including the multi-volume "History and Culture of the Indian People", edited by R. C. Majumdar.
It publishes the journal "Bhavan's Journal".
Its motto is "Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides" (from the Rigveda).
About K. M. Munshi:
- He was born on 30 December 1887 at Bharuch, Gujarat.
- He was a lawyer, writer, politician and educationist.
- He was a freedom fighter, and the Home Minister of Bombay in the Congress government of 1937-39.
- He was a member of the Constituent Assembly and of its Drafting Committee.
- He served as India's Agent-General in Hyderabad (1948), as Union Minister for Food and Agriculture, and as Governor of Uttar Pradesh (1952-1957).
- As Food Minister, he started the "Van Mahotsav" (tree-planting festival) in 1950.
- He played an important role in the reconstruction of the Somnath Temple.
- He wrote historical novels in Gujarati, such as "Patan ni Prabhuta" and "Jay Somnath".
- He died in 1971.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Malaviya founded the BHU; Rajaji and Tagore founded other institutions.
Quick tip
Remember: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (Bombay, 1938) = K. M. Munshi (Van Mahotsav 1950; Somnath reconstruction; "Jay Somnath").
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Socio-Religious Reform Movements — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Socio-Religious Reform Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
In the 19th century, reformers worked to remove social evils and revive Indian society. This topic covers organisations such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical Society, Satyashodhak Samaj and the Aligarh Movement, along with their founders and the social reforms they achieved. Questions usually ask who founded an organisation and when, or which reformer is linked to a reform. For example, Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj and campaigned against sati, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar championed widow remarriage, and Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj. A table of organisation, founder, year and place covers most questions. Practise the socio-religious reform movements questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.