SSC
The Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP), founded in 1903 to work for the uplift of the Ezhava community, was founded in:
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Answer: Option D — Kerala
Detailed Solution
The Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP Yogam) was founded on 15 May 1903 in Kerala (at Aruvippuram, in the princely state of Travancore), under the guidance of Sree Narayana Guru.
About the SNDP Yogam:
- It was formed to spread the teachings of Sree Narayana Guru, and to work for the social, educational and economic uplift of the Ezhava community and other backward classes.
- Sree Narayana Guru was its first President, and the poet Kumaran Asan was its first General Secretary; Dr Palpu was a leading founder.
- It campaigned against untouchability and caste discrimination, and for the right of all castes to enter temples, schools and public offices.
- It set up schools, temples and organisations for the Ezhavas.
About the Ezhavas:
The Ezhavas were a large community in Kerala, who were considered "avarna" (outside the caste system) and suffered discrimination, such as being barred from temples, public roads and government jobs.
About Sree Narayana Guru:
- He was born in 1855 at Chempazhanthy, near Thiruvananthapuram, in an Ezhava family.
- He was a saint, philosopher and social reformer.
- In 1888, he consecrated a Shiva idol at Aruvippuram, challenging the rule that only Brahmins could consecrate idols.
- He built many temples open to all castes.
- He opposed caste discrimination, and preached the unity of all human beings.
- He died in 1928 at Sivagiri, Varkala, which is a centre of his followers.
Other reform movements of Kerala:
- The Vaikom Satyagraha (1924-25) and the Guruvayur Satyagraha (1931-32) for temple entry.
- The Nair Service Society (1914), founded by Mannathu Padmanabhan.
- The movement of Ayyankali among the Pulayas.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh had other reform movements.
Quick tip
Remember: SNDP Yogam (Kerala, 15 May 1903) = Sree Narayana Guru (President), Kumaran Asan (Secretary), Dr Palpu; for the uplift of the Ezhavas; Aruvippuram (1888).
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Socio-Religious Reform Movements — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Socio-Religious Reform Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
In the 19th century, reformers worked to remove social evils and revive Indian society. This topic covers organisations such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical Society, Satyashodhak Samaj and the Aligarh Movement, along with their founders and the social reforms they achieved. Questions usually ask who founded an organisation and when, or which reformer is linked to a reform. For example, Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj and campaigned against sati, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar championed widow remarriage, and Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj. A table of organisation, founder, year and place covers most questions. Practise the socio-religious reform movements questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.