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Question 47 of 84 · Socio-Religious Reform Movements
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The Tattvabodhini Sabha, which promoted the ideas of Ram Mohan Roy and the study of India's spiritual heritage, was founded by Debendranath Tagore in:

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Answer: Option A — 1839

Detailed Solution

The Tattvabodhini Sabha ("Society for the Search for Truth") was founded by Debendranath Tagore in Calcutta on 6 October 1839.

About the Tattvabodhini Sabha:

  • It was founded to promote the ideas of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and the study of the Upanishads and India's spiritual heritage.
  • It aimed to promote a rational and spiritual form of Hinduism, based on the worship of one God, and to oppose idol worship and superstition.
  • It also opposed the activities of Christian missionaries, who were converting Indians.
  • It promoted the use of the Bengali language for discussing religious and scientific subjects.

The Tattvabodhini Patrika:

  • In 1843, the Sabha started a monthly journal, the "Tattvabodhini Patrika", which became one of the most influential journals of Bengal.
  • Akshay Kumar Datta was its editor; he was a rationalist who wrote on science and religion.
  • Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was also associated with the journal, and wrote for it.
  • It published articles on religion, philosophy, science, history and social reform.

Merger with the Brahmo Samaj:

  • In 1843, Debendranath Tagore joined the Brahmo Samaj, and the Tattvabodhini Sabha became closely associated with it.
  • The Sabha merged with the Brahmo Samaj in 1859.

About Debendranath Tagore:

  • He was born on 15 May 1817 in Calcutta.
  • He was the son of Dwarkanath Tagore, a wealthy businessman, and the father of Rabindranath Tagore.
  • He revived the Brahmo Samaj after Ram Mohan Roy's death, and gave it a new direction.
  • He was called "Maharshi" (great sage).
  • He founded the Santiniketan ashram (1863), which later became the site of Rabindranath's school and university.
  • He died in 1905.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗1815, 1866 and 1880 were the years of other events.

Quick tip

Remember: Tattvabodhini Sabha (Calcutta, 6 October 1839) = Debendranath Tagore; "Tattvabodhini Patrika" (1843, editor Akshay Kumar Datta); merged with the Brahmo Samaj (1859).

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Socio-Religious Reform Movements — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Socio-Religious Reform Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

In the 19th century, reformers worked to remove social evils and revive Indian society. This topic covers organisations such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical Society, Satyashodhak Samaj and the Aligarh Movement, along with their founders and the social reforms they achieved. Questions usually ask who founded an organisation and when, or which reformer is linked to a reform. For example, Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj and campaigned against sati, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar championed widow remarriage, and Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj. A table of organisation, founder, year and place covers most questions. Practise the socio-religious reform movements questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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