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The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council was abolished in:
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Answer: Option D — 2019
Detailed Solution
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council was abolished in 2019, following the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, which reorganised the state into two Union territories.
Background:
- Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature, with a Legislative Assembly and a Legislative Council, under its own state Constitution.
- The Legislative Council had 36 members.
Constitutional changes of August 2019:
- On 5 August 2019, a Presidential Order made all provisions of the Indian Constitution applicable to Jammu and Kashmir, ending its special status under Article 370.
- Article 35A, which allowed the state to define its permanent residents, ceased to apply.
- Parliament passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019.
Reorganisation:
- The state was divided into two Union territories: Jammu and Kashmir, with a legislature, and Ladakh, without a legislature.
- The reorganisation came into effect on 31 October 2019.
Abolition of the Council:
- Under the Reorganisation Act, the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir has only a unicameral Legislative Assembly.
- The Legislative Council was abolished, and its staff and records were transferred to the Assembly and other departments.
- The order on the abolition of the Council was issued in October 2019.
Supreme Court judgment:
- In December 2023, a Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court upheld the abrogation of the special status under Article 370.
- The Court directed that elections to the Assembly be held and that statehood be restored as soon as possible.
Elections after reorganisation:
Elections to the Legislative Assembly of the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir were held in 2024, the first since 2014.
Delimitation:
A Delimitation Commission headed by Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai redrew the Assembly constituencies, increasing the number of seats.
States that still have Legislative Councils:
After the abolition of the Jammu and Kashmir Council, six states have Legislative Councils.
Why not the other options?
- ✗2014 is the year of the previous Assembly elections.
- ✗2016 and 2021 do not match.
Quick tip
Remember: J&K Legislative Council abolished in 2019 (J&K Reorganisation Act, 2019; UTs formed on 31 October 2019).
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State Executive & Legislature — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of State Executive & Legislature, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers government at the state level: the Governor, the Chief Minister and the State Council of Ministers, the Advocate General, the State Legislature, including the legislative councils in states that have them, and the special provisions for certain states. Questions usually cover the appointment and powers of the Governor, the Governor's discretionary powers, which states have a bicameral legislature, and how a legislative council is created or abolished (Article 169). Remember that the Governor is appointed by the President and holds office during the President's pleasure. Practise the state executive and legislature questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.