'Amar Sonar Bangla', which was adopted as the national anthem of Bangladesh, was composed by:

"Amar Sonar Bangla" ("My Golden Bengal"), the national anthem of Bangladesh, was composed by Rabindranath Tagore in 1905, during the movement against the partition of Bengal.

About the song:

• It expresses love for the land of Bengal, its beauty, its fields, rivers and people.
• It was written to inspire unity among the people of Bengal against the partition.
• It was set to a tune inspired by a Baul song ("Ami kothay pabo tare" by Gagan Harkara).
• The first ten lines of the song were adopted as the national anthem of Bangladesh in 1971 (officially in 1972).

Tagore and national anthems:

Tagore is the only person to have written the national anthems of two countries:

• "Jana Gana Mana" (India), first sung at the Calcutta session of the Congress (1911) and adopted as the national anthem on 24 January 1950.
• "Amar Sonar Bangla" (Bangladesh).
• The national anthem of Sri Lanka ("Sri Lanka Matha"), written by Ananda Samarakoon, is said to have been inspired by Tagore, whose student he was.

Tagore and the Swadeshi Movement:

• Tagore wrote many patriotic songs during the Swadeshi Movement.
• He organised "Raksha Bandhan" ceremonies, in which Hindus and Muslims tied rakhis on each other's wrists, as a symbol of unity on the day the partition came into effect.
• Later, he withdrew from the movement, as he was disturbed by its violent turn.

About Rabindranath Tagore:

• He was born in 1861 in Calcutta.
• He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for "Gitanjali", the first Asian to win a Nobel Prize.
• He founded Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan (1921).
• He renounced his knighthood in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919).
• He died in 1941.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Kazi Nazrul Islam is the national poet of Bangladesh; his song "Chal Chal Chal" is the national marching song of Bangladesh.
• ✗Bankim Chandra wrote "Vande Mataram".
• ✗Dwijendralal Ray wrote "Dhana Dhanya Pushpa Bhara".