Bal Gangadhar Tilak was described as the 'Father of Indian Unrest' by the British journalist:

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was described as the "Father of Indian Unrest" by Sir Valentine Chirol, a British journalist and author, in his book "Indian Unrest" (1910).

About Valentine Chirol:

• He was a British journalist who worked for "The Times" newspaper of London, and was a writer on foreign affairs.
• He visited India and wrote a series of articles on Indian politics for "The Times", which were published as a book, "Indian Unrest", in 1910.
• In the book, he described the growing nationalist and revolutionary movement in India, and blamed Tilak for encouraging it.
• He called Tilak "the father of Indian unrest", because Tilak's writings and speeches had inspired the Extremist and revolutionary movements.

The Chirol case:

• Tilak filed a case of defamation (libel) against Chirol in a British court in London in 1918-1919.
• Tilak went to England to fight the case.
• However, Tilak lost the case, and had to pay heavy legal costs.

Other titles of Tilak:

• "Lokmanya" ("accepted by the people as their leader").
• "The maker of modern India" (Gandhi).
• "The father of the Indian revolution" (Nehru).

About Tilak's role:

• He was the leading Extremist leader of the Congress, who believed in mass agitation, Swadeshi, boycott and national education.
• He used newspapers and public meetings to unite and inspire people.
• He was imprisoned several times for sedition.
• He played a key role in the Home Rule Movement.
• He died on 1 August 1920.

Why not the other options?

• ✗William Wedderburn was a British supporter of the Congress; Rudyard Kipling was a writer.
• ✗Henry Cotton was a British official who presided over the Congress in 1904.