SSC
The Swadesh Bandhab Samiti, which promoted Swadeshi and self-help in the Barisal district of Bengal, was founded by:
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Answer: Option C — Ashwini Kumar Dutta
Detailed Solution
The Swadesh Bandhab Samiti ("Society of Friends of the Motherland") was founded in Barisal (now in Bangladesh) by Ashwini Kumar Dutta, during the Swadeshi Movement.
About the Swadesh Bandhab Samiti:
- It was founded around 1905, after the announcement of the partition of Bengal.
- It had many branches in the villages of the Barisal district.
- Its volunteers promoted the boycott of foreign goods and the use of Swadeshi goods.
- They also set up arbitration committees to settle disputes in villages, so that people did not have to go to British courts.
- They organised famine relief, education, physical training and social reform.
- The samiti made Barisal one of the strongest centres of the Swadeshi Movement.
- Its activities led the British to ban it in 1909.
About Ashwini Kumar Dutta:
- He was born in 1856, and was a teacher, educationist and nationalist leader of Barisal.
- He founded the Brojomohun College in Barisal (1889), named after his father.
- He was popularly known as the "uncrowned king of Barisal".
- He was deported to Lucknow in 1908, along with other Bengal leaders, under the Bengal Regulation of 1818.
- He supported Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement later.
- He died in 1923.
The Barisal Conference (1906):
The Bengal Provincial Conference held at Barisal in April 1906 was broken up by the police, and leaders including Surendranath Banerjea were beaten and arrested.
Other Swadeshi samitis:
The Dawn Society, the Anushilan Samiti and the Brati Samiti were other organisations active during the Swadeshi Movement.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Bipin Chandra Pal, Surendranath Banerjea and Tagore were other leaders of the Swadeshi Movement.
Quick tip
Remember: Swadesh Bandhab Samiti = Ashwini Kumar Dutta, Barisal (Swadeshi Movement; arbitration courts); Brojomohun College; deported in 1908.
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Swadeshi Movement & Early Nationalism — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Swadeshi Movement & Early Nationalism, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the growth of Indian nationalism from the early 1900s to the First World War: the partition of Bengal in 1905, the Swadeshi and Boycott movement, the rise of extremist leaders such as Lal, Bal and Pal, the Surat split of 1907, and the Home Rule Leagues of Tilak and Annie Besant. Typical questions cover the year the partition of Bengal was announced and annulled (1905 and 1911), the slogans and leaders of the Swadeshi movement, and the founders of the two Home Rule Leagues (1916). Be clear about the difference between the moderates, who used petitions, and the extremists, who called for swaraj and mass action. Practise the Swadeshi movement and early nationalism questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.