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The theme of India's G20 Presidency (2023), 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' ('One Earth, One Family, One Future'), was drawn from the:

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Answer: Option D — Maha Upanishad

Detailed Solution

The phrase "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam", meaning "the world is one family", is taken from the Maha Upanishad (6.71-72).

About the verse:

  • The verse says: "Ayam nijah paro veti ganana laghuchetasam; udaracharitanam tu vasudhaiva kutumbakam."
  • It means: "This one is mine, that one is a stranger - such is the reckoning of the narrow-minded; for those of noble conduct, the whole world is one family."
  • The idea also appears in other texts, such as the Panchatantra and the Hitopadesha.

About the Maha Upanishad:

  • It is one of the minor Upanishads, associated with the Samaveda.
  • It deals with the nature of the self, liberation and the ideal of a wise person who is free from attachment.

India's G20 Presidency (2023):

  • India held the presidency of the G20 from 1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023.
  • Its theme was "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam - One Earth, One Family, One Future".
  • The logo combined the lotus (national flower) with the Earth, in the colours of the national flag.
  • The G20 Leaders' Summit was held on 9-10 September 2023 at the Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
  • The "New Delhi Leaders' Declaration" was adopted by consensus.
  • The African Union became a permanent member of the G20 at the New Delhi summit.

About the G20:

  • It was formed in 1999 as a forum of finance ministers, and has held summits of leaders since 2008.
  • It includes 19 countries, the European Union and (since 2023) the African Union.

Use of the phrase in India:

  • The phrase is inscribed in the entrance hall of the Parliament of India.
  • It is often used to express India's view of global cooperation.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗The Mundaka Upanishad is the source of another national motto.
  • ✗The Bhagavad Gita and the Manusmriti are not the source of this phrase.

Quick tip

Remember: "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam" = Maha Upanishad; theme of India's G20 Presidency 2023 ("One Earth, One Family, One Future"); African Union joined the G20 at New Delhi.

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Vedic Period — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Vedic Period, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

The Vedic period followed the arrival of the Indo-Aryans and is divided into the Early (Rig Vedic) and Later Vedic ages. This topic covers the four Vedas, the Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishads, Vedic society, polity, economy and religion, and the rivers and gods mentioned in Vedic texts. Exams often ask which Veda deals with what (the Sama Veda with music, the Atharva Veda with charms and medicine), the most important Rig Vedic god (Indra), and Vedic assemblies such as the Sabha and Samiti. Note how society changed from the Early to the Later Vedic age, especially the rise of the varna system and the growth of kingship. Practise the Vedic period questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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