SSC
The Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) was established in:
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Answer: Option A — 1970
Detailed Solution
The Cotton Corporation of India Limited (CCI) was established on 31 July 1970.
About the Cotton Corporation of India:
- It is a Central Public Sector Undertaking under the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India.
- Its headquarters is at Navi Mumbai (Belapur), Maharashtra.
- It was set up to act as a public sector agency for the purchase, sale and distribution of cotton, both domestic and imported, and to help stabilise cotton prices.
Its most important role today is to carry out MSP operations for cotton. When the market price of cotton falls below the MSP announced by the government, the CCI buys cotton from farmers at the MSP, to protect them from distress sales.
It also undertakes commercial purchases of cotton when prices are above the MSP.
It sells cotton to textile mills and exports cotton.
It has launched "Kasturi Cotton Bharat", a brand for high-quality, traceable Indian cotton, in partnership with the Cotton Association of India and industry bodies.
About cotton in India:
- India is one of the largest producers of cotton in the world, and has the largest area under cotton cultivation.
- Cotton is a kharif crop, which needs a warm climate, about 210 frost-free days, moderate rainfall and black soil.
- Black soil (regur) is called "black cotton soil" because it is ideal for cotton.
- The leading cotton-producing states are Gujarat, Maharashtra and Telangana.
"Bt cotton", a genetically modified variety resistant to the bollworm, was approved in India in 2002. It is the only GM crop approved for commercial cultivation in India.
India's cotton varieties include long-staple and extra-long-staple varieties, such as "Suvin".
7 October is observed as "World Cotton Day" (since 2019).
Other organisations related to cotton and textiles:
- Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR): Nagpur (ICAR).
- Textiles Committee: Mumbai.
- Jute Corporation of India: Kolkata (1971).
- Central Silk Board: Bengaluru (1948).
Why not the other options?
- ✗1951 is the year of the First Five-Year Plan.
- ✗1963 is the year the National Seeds Corporation was set up.
- ✗1985 is not the year of the CCI.
Quick tip
Remember: Cotton Corporation of India = 1970 (HQ Navi Mumbai; Ministry of Textiles; MSP operations for cotton; "Kasturi Cotton Bharat" brand); Bt cotton approved 2002; World Cotton Day = 7 October; CICR = Nagpur.
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Agriculture in India — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Agriculture in India, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers agriculture in India: cropping seasons (kharif, rabi and zaid), major food and cash crops and their leading producer states, irrigation, the Green, White, Blue and other agricultural revolutions, and allied activities such as animal husbandry and fisheries. Questions usually ask which crop belongs to which season, which state is the largest producer of a crop, and which revolution relates to which product. For example, the White Revolution relates to milk and was led by Verghese Kurien, and the Blue Revolution relates to fisheries. Producer rankings can change from year to year, so check the latest data for those questions. Practise the agriculture in India questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.