NIMCET 2017
Four passengers in a train find that they form an interesting group. Two of them are lawyers and the other two are doctors. Two of them speak Bengali and the other two speak Hindi and no two of the same profession speak the same language. They also found that two of them are Christians and two are Muslims and no two of the same religion speak the same language. The Hindi speaking doctor is a Christian. Then which of the following statements logically follows?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)View answer ▾Hide ▴
Answer: Option B — The Christian lawyer speaks Bengali
Detailed Solution
Each profession has one Bengali and one Hindi speaker, so the four are: Bengali lawyer, Hindi lawyer, Bengali doctor, Hindi doctor.
Each language has one Christian and one Muslim. The Hindi doctor is Christian, so the Hindi lawyer is Muslim.
A Christian lawyer therefore cannot be the Hindi lawyer: the Christian lawyer speaks Bengali.
✓ Check
Two arrangements remain (Bengali lawyer Christian and Bengali doctor Muslim, or the reverse); (A), (C) and (D) each fail in one of them, while (B) never fails.⚠ Common trap
(D) is true only when the Bengali lawyer is the Christian; the data do not decide that.Quick tip
Hindi doctor Christian, so Hindi lawyer Muslim; a Christian lawyer must be the Bengali one
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Analytical Reasoning — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Analytical Reasoning, a key topic in the Logical Reasoning section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
Analytical reasoning questions give a set of conditions about people, objects or events and ask you to deduce facts from them. They include puzzles on scheduling (who does what on which day), distribution (who owns which item), floor-based puzzles, comparisons, and grouping or selection problems where certain people must or cannot be chosen together. The key is organising the information. Draw a table or grid with the categories as rows and columns, and fill in the definite clues first. Then use the conditional clues to eliminate possibilities, marking crosses for what is impossible and ticks for what is certain. When a clue leaves two possibilities, write both cases and test each against the remaining clues. Usually one case leads to a contradiction. Most puzzles have four or five questions, so time spent setting up a clear grid pays off. Practise the analytical reasoning puzzles below. Each solution shows the grid built step by step.