Atomic Structure Questions with Solutions

This topic covers the structure of the atom: the discovery of subatomic particles, the atomic models of Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr, atomic number and mass number, isotopes, isobars and isotones, electronic configuration and valency. Questions commonly ask which scientist proposed which model, what Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed (a small, dense, positively charged nucleus), and how isotopes differ from isobars. For example, isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Practise working out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons from given numbers. Practise the atomic structure questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.