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The famous Hindi poem 'Jhansi Ki Rani' ('Khoob ladi mardani woh to Jhansi wali rani thi') was written by:
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Answer: Option D — Subhadra Kumari Chauhan
Detailed Solution
The poem "Jhansi Ki Rani", with its famous refrain "Khoob ladi mardani woh to Jhansi wali rani thi" ("She fought valiantly like a man, she was the Queen of Jhansi"), was written by the Hindi poet Subhadra Kumari Chauhan.
About the poem:
- It celebrates the courage of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, who fought against the British during the Revolt of 1857 and died in battle near Gwalior in June 1858.
- It describes her childhood, her skill in horse riding and sword fighting, her marriage, the British annexation of Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse, and her heroic resistance.
- Its simple language and stirring rhythm made it one of the most popular patriotic poems in Hindi, and it is widely taught in schools.
- It was included in her poetry collection "Mukul" (1930).
About Subhadra Kumari Chauhan (1904-1948):
- She was born in Nihalpur village near Allahabad (Prayagraj).
- She married Lakshman Singh Chauhan and lived in Jabalpur.
She joined the freedom struggle and is regarded as the first woman satyagrahi to be arrested in the Flag Satyagraha in Jabalpur (1923). She was imprisoned several times.
She was a member of the Central Provinces Legislative Assembly.
Her other famous poems include "Veeron Ka Kaisa Ho Basant" and "Yeh Kadamb Ka Ped".
Her short story collections include "Bikhre Moti" and "Unmadini".
She died in a road accident in 1948.
In her honour, the Indian Coast Guard named a ship "ICGS Subhadra Kumari Chauhan", and India Post issued a stamp (1976).
Other patriotic Hindi poets:
- Maithili Sharan Gupt: "Bharat Bharati" (called "Rashtrakavi").
- Makhanlal Chaturvedi: "Pushp Ki Abhilasha".
- Ramdhari Singh "Dinkar": "Rashmirathi".
- Shyamlal Gupta "Parshad": "Jhanda Ooncha Rahe Hamara".
Why not the other options?
- ✗Mahadevi Verma was a Chhayavadi poet ("Yama", "Deepshikha").
- ✗Maithili Sharan Gupt wrote "Bharat Bharati".
- ✗Makhanlal Chaturvedi wrote "Pushp Ki Abhilasha".
Quick tip
Remember: "Jhansi Ki Rani" ("Khoob ladi mardani...") = Subhadra Kumari Chauhan (collection "Mukul", 1930; first woman satyagrahi arrested, 1923); "Pushp Ki Abhilasha" = Makhanlal Chaturvedi.
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Books & Authors — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Books & Authors, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers famous books and their authors, including ancient Indian texts, works of the freedom struggle, classic and modern literature, autobiographies of famous people, and recently published books by well-known personalities. Questions usually name a book and ask for its author, or the other way round. Ancient and historical books, such as Arthashastra (Kautilya), Indica (Megasthenes) and Gitanjali (Rabindranath Tagore), are tested most often. Autobiographies are another favourite, so learn titles such as 'My Experiments with Truth' (Mahatma Gandhi) and 'Wings of Fire' (A. P. J. Abdul Kalam). Practise the books and authors questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.