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Question 14 of 15 · Constitutional & Statutory Bodies
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What is the full form of CCI, India's competition regulator?

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Answer: Option A — Competition Commission of India

Detailed Solution

CCI stands for the "Competition Commission of India", the statutory body that enforces competition law in India.

About the CCI:

  • It was established under the Competition Act, 2002.
  • It was set up on 14 October 2003, but became fully functional in May 2009, when the main provisions of the Act came into force.

It replaced the "Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission" (MRTP Commission), set up under the MRTP Act, 1969. The Competition Act was based on the recommendations of the Raghavan Committee (2000).

Its headquarters is in New Delhi.

It consists of a Chairperson and between two and six members, appointed by the Central Government.

It works under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.

Its functions:

  • Preventing "anti-competitive agreements", such as cartels, price fixing and bid rigging.
  • Preventing the "abuse of dominant position" by large companies.
  • Regulating "combinations" (mergers and acquisitions) that may harm competition.
  • Promoting competition and protecting consumer interests.

Important cases:

It has imposed large penalties on companies in sectors such as cement, tyres, airlines and technology. For example, in 2022, it fined Google over 2,000 crore rupees in two cases related to Android and the Play Store.

Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023:

  • It introduced a "deal value threshold": mergers and acquisitions worth more than 2,000 crore rupees need CCI approval if the target company has substantial business operations in India.
  • It introduced "settlement and commitment" mechanisms and reduced the time limit for approving mergers.

Appeals:

Appeals against CCI orders go to the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), which replaced the Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) in 2017, and then to the Supreme Court.

Related abbreviations:

  • MRTP: Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices.
  • NCLAT: National Company Law Appellate Tribunal.
  • SEBI: Securities and Exchange Board of India.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗"Central Competition Institute" is not the correct expansion.
  • ✗"Commercial Control Council of India" is not the correct expansion.
  • ✗"Corporate Compliance Commission of India" is not the correct expansion.

Quick tip

Remember: CCI = Competition Commission of India (Competition Act 2002; set up 2003, functional 2009; replaced the MRTP Commission; appeals to NCLAT); Competition (Amendment) Act 2023 = deal value threshold of 2,000 crore.

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Constitutional & Statutory Bodies — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Constitutional & Statutory Bodies, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers bodies set up under the Constitution, such as the Election Commission, UPSC, Finance Commission, Comptroller and Auditor General and the national commissions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, and statutory or executive bodies such as NITI Aayog, the NHRC, the CVC, the CBI and Lokpal. Questions often ask whether a body is constitutional or not, which article creates it, who appoints its head and for how long. For example, the CAG is appointed under Article 148, the Finance Commission under Article 280, and NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in 2015 by an executive resolution. Practise the constitutional and statutory bodies questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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