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Question 13 of 15 · Constitutional & Statutory Bodies
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What was the full form of IPAB, a tribunal abolished in 2021?

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Answer: Option A — Intellectual Property Appellate Board

Detailed Solution

IPAB stood for the "Intellectual Property Appellate Board", a quasi-judicial tribunal that heard appeals on intellectual property matters in India.

About the IPAB:

  • It was set up on 15 September 2003 under the Trade Marks Act, 1999.
  • Its headquarters was in Chennai, and it held sittings in Chennai, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Ahmedabad.
  • It heard appeals against the decisions of the Registrar of Trade Marks and the Registrar of Geographical Indications.
  • From 2007, it also heard appeals against the decisions of the Controller of Patents (under the Patents Act, 1970).
  • From 2017, under the Finance Act, 2017, it also took over the functions of the Copyright Board.
  • It also dealt with matters under the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, 2001.

Abolition:

  • It was abolished in April 2021 by the "Tribunals Reforms (Rationalisation and Conditions of Service) Ordinance, 2021", later replaced by the Tribunals Reforms Act, 2021.
  • Its functions were transferred to the High Courts and commercial courts.

The Delhi High Court set up a separate "Intellectual Property Division" in July 2021 to handle these cases. The Madras High Court also set up an IP Division.

Reasons for abolition included a large number of vacancies, delays and pendency of cases.

About intellectual property in India:

  • The "Office of the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks" (CGPDTM) works under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
  • India adopted a "National IPR Policy" in 2016, with the slogan "Creative India; Innovative India".
  • India is a member of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
  • Main IP laws: Patents Act (1970), Copyright Act (1957), Trade Marks Act (1999), Designs Act (2000), Geographical Indications of Goods Act (1999; the first GI was Darjeeling Tea, 2004).

Why not the other options?

  • ✗"Indian Patent Appeals Board" is not the correct expansion.
  • ✗"International Property Arbitration Bureau" is not the correct expansion.
  • ✗"Indian Public Accounts Board" is not related to intellectual property.

Quick tip

Remember: IPAB = Intellectual Property Appellate Board (2003, Chennai; patents, trademarks, GIs, copyright; abolished 2021, cases moved to High Courts); first GI in India = Darjeeling Tea; National IPR Policy = 2016.

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Constitutional & Statutory Bodies — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Constitutional & Statutory Bodies, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers bodies set up under the Constitution, such as the Election Commission, UPSC, Finance Commission, Comptroller and Auditor General and the national commissions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, and statutory or executive bodies such as NITI Aayog, the NHRC, the CVC, the CBI and Lokpal. Questions often ask whether a body is constitutional or not, which article creates it, who appoints its head and for how long. For example, the CAG is appointed under Article 148, the Finance Commission under Article 280, and NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in 2015 by an executive resolution. Practise the constitutional and statutory bodies questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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