SSC
After her defeat, Razia Sultan was imprisoned by Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Altunia at:
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Answer: Option B — Qila Mubarak, Bathinda
Detailed Solution
Razia Sultan was imprisoned by Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Altunia, the governor of Bathinda (Tabarhind), in the Qila Mubarak fort at Bathinda, Punjab, in 1240.
The events:
- Razia faced opposition from the powerful Turkish nobles, who did not want to be ruled by a woman and resented her independent policies.
- In 1240, Altunia, the governor of Bathinda and one of the rebel nobles, revolted against her.
- Razia marched against him, but her army was defeated, and she was captured and imprisoned in the fort of Bathinda.
- Meanwhile, the nobles in Delhi placed her brother, Muizuddin Bahram Shah, on the throne.
- Razia then won over Altunia and married him.
- Together, they marched towards Delhi to regain the throne, but were defeated by Bahram Shah's army.
- While retreating, both Razia and Altunia were killed near Kaithal (in present-day Haryana) in October 1240.
About the Qila Mubarak (Bathinda):
- It is one of the oldest surviving forts in India.
- Its original structure is believed to date back to the early centuries CE (possibly the Kushana period), with the brick fort built and rebuilt over many centuries.
- It was later rebuilt by Sikh rulers of Patiala.
- A part of the fort is associated with Razia's imprisonment.
- It is a protected monument.
About Razia Sultan:
- She was the daughter of Iltutmish, who nominated her as his successor.
- She was the first and only woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.
- She was an able ruler: she tried to rule independently, dressed like a man, held court in public, and led her armies.
- Minhaj-us-Siraj praised her as a great sovereign, wise, just, and a protector of her subjects, but noted that she was not born a man.
Why not the other options?
- ✗The Red Fort was built much later, by Shah Jahan.
- ✗Gwalior Fort and Lahore Fort are not linked with her imprisonment.
Quick tip
Remember: Razia imprisoned by Altunia at Qila Mubarak, Bathinda (1240); she married Altunia; both killed near Kaithal (1240); first and only woman ruler of the Sultanate.
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Delhi Sultanate — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Delhi Sultanate, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
The Delhi Sultanate ruled much of northern India from 1206 to 1526 under five dynasties: the Slave (Mamluk), Khalji, Tughlaq, Sayyid and Lodi dynasties. This topic covers its rulers, administration, market and revenue reforms, architecture and the foreign invasions of the period. Typical questions cover the founder of each dynasty, Alauddin Khalji's market reforms, Muhammad bin Tughlaq's token currency and transfer of the capital, and Firoz Shah Tughlaq's public works. The First Battle of Panipat (1526), in which Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi, ended the Sultanate. Keep the five dynasties in order with their founders. Practise the Delhi Sultanate questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.