Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty in the year:

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (Ghazi Malik) founded the Tughlaq dynasty in 1320 CE, when he became the Sultan of Delhi.

How the dynasty began:

• After the death of Alauddin Khalji, the Khalji dynasty declined.
• Ghazi Malik, the governor of Dipalpur, led a revolt against the usurper who had seized the throne, and defeated him.
• The nobles chose Ghazi Malik as Sultan, and he took the title "Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq" in September 1320.

About Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq:

• He ruled from 1320 to 1325.
• He was an experienced soldier who had defended the north-western frontier against the Mongols many times.
• He restored order and stability after the confusion at the end of the Khalji period.

His policies:

• He followed a moderate and balanced policy, called "rasm-i-miyana" (the middle way), avoiding both severity and leniency.
• He reduced the land revenue demand, and said that it should not be increased by more than one-tenth or one-eleventh at a time.
• He encouraged agriculture, built canals, and gave relief to peasants.
• He improved the postal system.

His conquests:

• He sent his son, Juna Khan, to conquer Warangal (the Kakatiya kingdom); after an initial failure, Warangal was captured in 1323, and renamed Sultanpur.
• He also campaigned in Bengal, which was brought under Delhi's control.

His death:

• In 1325, while returning from Bengal, he was killed when a wooden pavilion, built to welcome him at Afghanpur (near Delhi), collapsed.
• Some historians suspect that his son, Juna Khan (who became Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq), arranged the collapse.

The Tughlaq dynasty:

• Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320-1325).
• Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351).
• Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388).
• Weak later rulers, until the dynasty ended in 1414.
• It was the longest-ruling dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.

Why not the other options?

• ✗1316 was the year of Alauddin Khalji's death.
• ✗1325 was the year of Ghiyasuddin's death.
• ✗1351 was the year of Firoz Shah's accession.