Ecology & Ecosystems Questions with Solutions

This topic covers ecology: ecosystems and their components, food chains and food webs, trophic levels and ecological pyramids, energy flow, the carbon, nitrogen and water cycles, and types of ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, deserts and aquatic ecosystems. Exam questions often ask about the 10 percent law of energy transfer, which organisms are producers, consumers and decomposers, which pyramid is always upright (the pyramid of energy), and what happens in each step of the nitrogen cycle. The term 'ecosystem' was coined by A. G. Tansley in 1935. Practise the ecology and ecosystems questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.