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Question 51 of 73 · Arrival of Europeans & Expansion of British Rule
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SSC

The Nawab of Bengal Mir Qasim transferred his capital from Murshidabad to:

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Answer: Option B — Monghyr (Munger)

Detailed Solution

Mir Qasim, who became the Nawab of Bengal in 1760, transferred his capital from Murshidabad to Monghyr (Munger), in present-day Bihar.

Why he moved the capital:

  • Mir Qasim wanted to be free from the influence of the English East India Company, whose headquarters were at Calcutta, close to Murshidabad.
  • He also wanted to get away from the intrigues of the old nobles and bankers of Murshidabad.
  • Monghyr, on the Ganga, was a strategic place, with an old fort.

About Mir Qasim:

  • He was the son-in-law of Mir Jafar.
  • The Company made him Nawab in 1760, in place of Mir Jafar, in return for large payments and the grant of the districts of Burdwan, Midnapore and Chittagong.
  • He was an able and independent-minded ruler.

His reforms:

  • He reorganised the finances and collected revenue more efficiently.
  • He reorganised and modernised his army, with the help of European officers, and set up a factory at Monghyr to manufacture guns and muskets.
  • He tried to stop the misuse of duty-free trade passes by the Company's servants, who used them for private trade without paying duties.
  • When the Company refused to stop the misuse, he abolished all internal duties for everyone, Indian and English alike, which removed the Company's advantage.

Conflict with the Company:

  • This angered the Company, and war broke out in 1763.
  • Mir Qasim was defeated in several battles, including at Katwa, Giria and Udhua Nala.
  • He fled to Awadh and formed an alliance with the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal emperor.
  • Their combined forces were defeated in 1764.
  • Mir Qasim died in poverty near Delhi in 1777.

About Monghyr (Munger):

  • It is a town on the Ganga in Bihar, famous for its old fort and for the Bihar School of Yoga.
  • It was known for its gun-making industry.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Dacca, Patna and Rajmahal were not Mir Qasim's new capital.

Quick tip

Remember: Mir Qasim (Nawab 1760-1763) moved his capital to Monghyr (Munger); modernised his army; abolished internal duties; defeated by the Company.

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Arrival of Europeans & Expansion of British Rule — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Arrival of Europeans & Expansion of British Rule, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the arrival of the Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danes and French in India, the growth of the East India Company, and the battles, wars and treaties through which British power expanded, including the Battles of Plassey and Buxar, the Anglo-Mysore, Anglo-Maratha and Anglo-Sikh wars, and policies such as subsidiary alliance and the doctrine of lapse. Typical questions ask which battle was fought in which year and between whom, which treaty ended which war, and which Governor-General introduced a policy. For example, the Battle of Plassey (1757) was fought between Robert Clive and Siraj-ud-Daulah, and the Treaty of Allahabad (1765) gave the Company the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Practise the arrival of Europeans and expansion of British rule questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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