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Question 40 of 66 · Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence
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Mahatma Gandhi called Subhas Chandra Bose:

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Answer: Option C — 'A patriot of patriots'

Detailed Solution

Mahatma Gandhi called Subhas Chandra Bose "the patriot of patriots" ("prince among patriots"), despite their differences over methods.

Context:

  • Gandhi admired Bose's courage, sacrifice and devotion to the country, even though Bose believed in more militant methods and had left the Congress after his conflict with Gandhi's supporters.
  • After the war, when the full story of the Indian National Army (INA) became known, Gandhi praised Bose's patriotism and his efforts to unite Indians of all communities in the INA.

About Subhas Chandra Bose:

  • He was born on 23 January 1897 at Cuttack, Orissa.
  • He passed the Indian Civil Service examination in 1920, but resigned in 1921 to join the national movement.
  • His political guru was Chittaranjan Das (Deshbandhu).
  • He was elected President of the Congress at Haripura (1938) and Tripuri (1939).
  • He set up the National Planning Committee (1938), with Nehru as its chairman.
  • He formed the Forward Bloc in 1939.
  • In 1941, he escaped from house arrest in Calcutta, and reached Germany via Afghanistan and the Soviet Union.
  • In 1943, he came to South-East Asia by submarine and took command of the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj).
  • He set up the Provisional Government of Free India (Azad Hind Government) in Singapore on 21 October 1943.
  • He gave the slogans "Jai Hind" and "Dilli Chalo", and said "Give me blood, and I will give you freedom".
  • The INA fought alongside the Japanese on the Burma front, and reached Imphal and Kohima (1944).
  • He is believed to have died in an air crash in Taiwan on 18 August 1945, though this has been disputed.
  • He is popularly called "Netaji".
  • His birthday, 23 January, is celebrated as "Parakram Diwas".

Why not the other options?

"Deshbandhu" was the title of C. R. Das.

"Frontier Gandhi" was Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan.

"Lokmanya" was Tilak.

Quick tip

Remember: "patriot of patriots" = Gandhi's description of Subhas Chandra Bose ("Netaji"; Azad Hind Government 21 October 1943; "Jai Hind", "Dilli Chalo"); Parakram Diwas = 23 January.

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Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the freedom struggle from Gandhi's return to India in 1915 to independence in 1947: the Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad movements, the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh, the Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and Quit India movements, the Round Table Conferences, the Cripps Mission, the Cabinet Mission and the partition of India. Most questions ask about the year, cause or result of a movement, or the event that ended it. For example, the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) led Gandhi to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement, and the Dandi March (1930) started the Civil Disobedience Movement. Learning these events on a timeline is the best way to avoid confusion. Practise the Gandhian era questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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