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Question 61 of 66 · Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence
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The first ashram set up by Gandhi in India, in May 1915, after his return from South Africa, was the:

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Answer: Option B — Kochrab Ashram (Ahmedabad)

Detailed Solution

The first ashram set up by Gandhi in India was the Kochrab Ashram (Satyagraha Ashram), established on 25 May 1915 in the Kochrab area of Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

About the Kochrab Ashram:

  • It was set up in a bungalow belonging to Gandhi's friend, the barrister Jivanlal Desai.
  • It was called the "Satyagraha Ashram", because its purpose was to train people in the principles of truth and non-violence.
  • Gandhi lived there with his family and about 25 inmates, including some who had come with him from South Africa.
  • The residents followed strict vows: truth, non-violence, celibacy, control of the palate, non-stealing, non-possession, physical labour, fearlessness, Swadeshi, and the removal of untouchability.

A Dalit family (Dudabhai, his wife Daniben and their daughter Lakshmi) was admitted to the ashram, which caused controversy; some financial supporters withdrew their help, but Gandhi stood firm, and later adopted Lakshmi as his daughter.

The move to Sabarmati:

Because of an outbreak of plague in Ahmedabad, the ashram was shifted in 1917 to a site on the bank of the Sabarmati river, which became the famous Sabarmati Ashram (Harijan Ashram).

The Kochrab Ashram today:

It is maintained by the Gujarat Vidyapith as a memorial, and is open to visitors.

Gandhi's ashrams and settlements:

  • South Africa: the Phoenix Settlement (near Durban) and another settlement near Johannesburg.
  • India: Kochrab Ashram (1915), Sabarmati Ashram (1917), and Sevagram Ashram (near Wardha).

About the Sabarmati Ashram:

  • It was Gandhi's home from 1917 to 1930.
  • Gandhi started the Dandi March from here (1930), and vowed not to return until India was free.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Sabarmati and Sevagram were later ashrams, and the Phoenix Settlement was in South Africa.

Quick tip

Remember: Gandhi's first ashram in India = Kochrab Ashram, Ahmedabad (25 May 1915; Satyagraha Ashram); shifted to Sabarmati in 1917 because of plague.

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Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the freedom struggle from Gandhi's return to India in 1915 to independence in 1947: the Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad movements, the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh, the Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and Quit India movements, the Round Table Conferences, the Cripps Mission, the Cabinet Mission and the partition of India. Most questions ask about the year, cause or result of a movement, or the event that ended it. For example, the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) led Gandhi to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement, and the Dandi March (1930) started the Civil Disobedience Movement. Learning these events on a timeline is the best way to avoid confusion. Practise the Gandhian era questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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