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Question 32 of 66 · Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence
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The Indian leader who participated in all three Round Table Conferences held in London (1930-1932) was:

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Answer: Option D — Tej Bahadur Sapru

Detailed Solution

Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, a leader of the Liberal Party (National Liberal Federation), participated in all three Round Table Conferences held in London.

About Tej Bahadur Sapru:

  • He was born in 1875 in Aligarh, in a Kashmiri Pandit family.
  • He was a famous lawyer of the Allahabad High Court, and a constitutional expert.
  • He was a Moderate leader of the Congress, but left it in 1918 to join the National Liberal Federation, which supported constitutional reforms.
  • He was the Law Member of the Viceroy's Executive Council (1920-1923).

His role at the Round Table Conferences:

  • He proposed the idea of an All-India Federation, including the British provinces and the princely states, at the first conference; this idea was later included in the Government of India Act of 1935.
  • He tried to bring the British government and the Congress together.

He, along with M. R. Jayakar, helped to negotiate between Gandhi and the government.

Others who attended all three conferences:

Dr B. R. Ambedkar is also often said to have attended all three conferences.

Who did not attend:

  • Gandhi attended only one of the three conferences.
  • Jinnah attended the first two, but not the third.
  • Madan Mohan Malaviya attended only one.

His other contributions:

  • He led the defence of the Indian National Army (INA) officers in the Red Fort trials (1945-46), along with Bhulabhai Desai and Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • He headed the Sapru Committee (1944-45), which made proposals for the constitutional future of India.
  • He was awarded the title of "Sir" (knighthood) in 1922.
  • He died in 1949.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Gandhi, Jinnah and Malaviya did not attend all three conferences.

Quick tip

Remember: attended all three Round Table Conferences = Tej Bahadur Sapru (Liberal; proposed the All-India Federation; INA trials defence; Sapru Committee 1944-45); Ambedkar too.

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Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the freedom struggle from Gandhi's return to India in 1915 to independence in 1947: the Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad movements, the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh, the Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and Quit India movements, the Round Table Conferences, the Cripps Mission, the Cabinet Mission and the partition of India. Most questions ask about the year, cause or result of a movement, or the event that ended it. For example, the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) led Gandhi to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement, and the Dandi March (1930) started the Civil Disobedience Movement. Learning these events on a timeline is the best way to avoid confusion. Practise the Gandhian era questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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