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Question 79 of 137 · Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence
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The 'Jhanda Satyagraha' (Flag Satyagraha) of 1923, in which volunteers defied a ban on carrying the national flag, was held at:

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Answer: Option C — Nagpur

Detailed Solution

The "Jhanda Satyagraha" (Flag Satyagraha) of 1923 was held at Nagpur, in the Central Provinces (now in Maharashtra).

Background:

  • In early 1923, the British authorities in Nagpur prohibited the carrying of the national flag (the Congress tricolour of that time) in processions in the Civil Lines area of the city, where the British officials lived.
  • The nationalists saw this as an insult to the national flag, and decided to defy the ban.

The satyagraha:

  • From May 1923, volunteers marched in groups into the restricted area carrying the national flag, and were arrested.
  • Volunteers came from all over India to join the satyagraha.
  • Leaders included Jamnalal Bajaj, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Vinoba Bhave, and others.
  • More than 1,500 volunteers were arrested.
  • The satyagraha was conducted peacefully, following Gandhian methods.

The result:

  • In August 1923, an agreement was reached with the government, and the volunteers were allowed to carry the flag in a procession through the restricted area.
  • The arrested volunteers were released.

Similar flag satyagrahas:

  • A similar flag satyagraha was held in Jabalpur in 1923.
  • In 1938, a flag satyagraha was held in some princely states.

Significance:

  • It was one of the important movements of the Congress in the period after the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
  • It showed the importance of the national flag as a symbol of the freedom struggle.
  • It helped keep up the spirit of the national movement.

The flag of the time:

The flag used by the Congress in the 1920s had red, green and white stripes, with a charkha (spinning wheel) in the centre.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Lahore, Ahmedabad and Calcutta were not the place of this satyagraha.

Quick tip

Remember: Jhanda (Flag) Satyagraha = Nagpur, 1923 (Jamnalal Bajaj, Vallabhbhai Patel; defied a ban on the national flag in the Civil Lines).

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Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the freedom struggle from Gandhi's return to India in 1915 to independence in 1947: the Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad movements, the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh, the Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and Quit India movements, the Round Table Conferences, the Cripps Mission, the Cabinet Mission and the partition of India. Most questions ask about the year, cause or result of a movement, or the event that ended it. For example, the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) led Gandhi to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement, and the Dandi March (1930) started the Civil Disobedience Movement. Learning these events on a timeline is the best way to avoid confusion. Practise the Gandhian era questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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