The Khilafat Movement in India was led mainly by the brothers:

The Khilafat Movement in India was led mainly by the brothers Maulana Muhammad Ali (Mohammad Ali Jauhar) and Maulana Shaukat Ali, known as the "Ali Brothers".

NCERT on the Ali brothers:

• NCERT notes that the Khilafat Movement (1919-1920) was led by the Muslim leaders Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali.
• It demanded that the Turkish Sultan or Khalifa must retain control over the Muslim sacred places in the erstwhile Ottoman empire, and that the Khalifa must be left with sufficient territories.
• The Congress supported the movement, and Gandhiji sought to conjoin it with the Non-Cooperation Movement.

About the Ali brothers:

• They were born in Rampur (Uttar Pradesh): Shaukat Ali in 1873 and Muhammad Ali in 1878.
• They studied at the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College, Aligarh.
• Muhammad Ali studied at Oxford and was a journalist; he edited the English weekly "The Comrade" (1911) and the Urdu paper "Hamdard".
• They were imprisoned by the British during the First World War for their pro-Turkish views (1915-1919).
• After their release, they led the Khilafat Movement, along with Gandhi.
• In 1921, they were tried and imprisoned for urging Muslim soldiers not to serve in the British Indian Army (the Karachi trial).
• Their mother, Abadi Bano Begum, known as "Bi Amma", also took an active part in the movement.

Later life:

• Muhammad Ali was President of the Congress at its Kakinada session (1923).
• Later, the Ali brothers drifted away from the Congress, as Hindu-Muslim relations worsened.
• Muhammad Ali died in London and was buried in Jerusalem.
• Shaukat Ali died in 1938.

Other leaders of the Khilafat Movement:

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Hasrat Mohani and Dr M. A. Ansari.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Azad and Ajmal Khan were associated with the movement, but were not the main leaders; the other pairs were not its leaders.