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Question 77 of 137 · Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence
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Veer Lakhan Nayak (Laxman Naik), the tribal leader who was hanged by the British in 1943 for his role in the Quit India Movement in Koraput, belonged to present-day:

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Answer: Option B — Odisha

Detailed Solution

Veer Lakhan Nayak (Laxman Naik) was a tribal leader from the Koraput region of present-day Odisha, who was hanged by the British on 29 March 1943.

About Laxman Naik:

  • He was born on 22 November 1899 at Tentuligumma village, in the Koraput (now Malkangiri) district of Odisha, in a Bhumia tribal family.
  • He was a village headman, and was respected by the tribal people.
  • He was influenced by Gandhi's ideas, and worked among the tribals to spread the message of the national movement.
  • He urged the tribals to give up liquor, to oppose forced labour and the exploitation by forest officials and moneylenders, and to refuse to pay unjust taxes.

His role in the Quit India Movement:

  • During the Quit India Movement, he led a large procession of tribals to the Mathili police station on 21 August 1942, to hoist the national flag.
  • The police opened fire on the unarmed crowd, killing several people.
  • A forest guard was killed in the clash, and Laxman Naik was falsely accused of his murder.

His trial and execution:

  • He was arrested, tried and sentenced to death.
  • He was hanged in the Berhampur jail on 29 March 1943.
  • He is said to have declared before his execution that he was proud to die for his country.

His memory:

  • He is remembered as "Malkangiri Gandhi" and as a great tribal hero of Odisha.
  • A memorial and statue have been built in his honour, and the Malkangiri district celebrates his memory.

Other heroes of Odisha in the national movement:

Gopabandhu Das, Harekrushna Mahatab and Baji Rout (a 12-year-old boy killed in 1938).

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Assam, Jharkhand and Telangana had other tribal heroes.

Quick tip

Remember: Laxman Naik (Lakhan Nayak) = Koraput/Malkangiri, Odisha (Mathili police station, 1942); hanged at Berhampur jail on 29 March 1943; "Malkangiri Gandhi".

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Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Gandhian Era & Struggle for Independence, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the freedom struggle from Gandhi's return to India in 1915 to independence in 1947: the Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad movements, the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh, the Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and Quit India movements, the Round Table Conferences, the Cripps Mission, the Cabinet Mission and the partition of India. Most questions ask about the year, cause or result of a movement, or the event that ended it. For example, the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) led Gandhi to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement, and the Dandi March (1930) started the Civil Disobedience Movement. Learning these events on a timeline is the best way to avoid confusion. Practise the Gandhian era questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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