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Question 42 of 60 · Indian National Congress & Its Sessions
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The President of the Indian National Congress when India became independent in August 1947 was:

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Answer: Option D — J. B. Kripalani

Detailed Solution

  • Kripalani. Acharya J. B. Kripalani was the President of the Indian National Congress when India became independent in August 1947.

About his presidency:

  • He became the Congress President in November 1946, at the Meerut session, and continued until November 1947.
  • He presided over the Congress during the difficult period of the partition of India, the communal riots and the transfer of power.
  • He resigned in November 1947, because he felt that the government (led by Nehru and Patel) did not consult the party organisation on important decisions.
  • He was succeeded by Rajendra Prasad.

About J. B. Kripalani:

  • Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani was born on 11 November 1888 at Hyderabad, Sind (now in Pakistan).
  • He was a teacher of history and English; he taught at Muzaffarpur and at the Banaras Hindu University.
  • He joined Gandhi during the Champaran Satyagraha (1917), and became one of his closest followers.
  • He was called "Acharya" because he was the principal of the Gujarat Vidyapith (1922-1927).
  • He served as the General Secretary of the Congress for many years (1934-1945).
  • He took part in all the major Gandhian movements and was imprisoned many times.

After Independence:

  • He left the Congress in 1951 and founded the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party, which later merged with the Socialist Party to form the Praja Socialist Party.
  • He was elected to the Lok Sabha several times, and became a strong critic of the government.
  • He moved the first no-confidence motion in the Lok Sabha (August 1963), against Nehru's government.
  • He opposed the Emergency (1975-1977), and supported the Janata Party.
  • He wrote his autobiography and other books.
  • He died on 19 March 1982.

His wife:

His wife, Sucheta Kripalani, became the first woman Chief Minister in India.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Nehru was the Prime Minister; Azad and Rajendra Prasad were Congress Presidents at other times.

Quick tip

Remember: Congress President at Independence = Acharya J. B. Kripalani (1946-47; Meerut session); moved the first no-confidence motion in the Lok Sabha (1963).

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Indian National Congress & Its Sessions — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian National Congress & Its Sessions, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A. O. Hume, and its first session was held in Bombay under W. C. Bonnerjee. This topic covers the important Congress sessions and their presidents, the moderate and extremist phases, the Surat split, and the founding and role of the Muslim League. Questions commonly ask who presided over a session, where a session was held, or what was decided there. For example, the 1929 Lahore session under Jawaharlal Nehru adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj, and the 1931 Karachi session passed the resolution on Fundamental Rights. The first woman president of the Congress was Annie Besant (Calcutta, 1917). Practise the Indian National Congress questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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