SSC
Who became the youngest President of the Indian National Congress, at the age of 35, at its special session in Delhi in 1923?
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Answer: Option D — Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Detailed Solution
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad became the youngest President of the Indian National Congress, at the age of 35, when he presided over its special session held in Delhi in September 1923.
About the special session (Delhi, 1923):
- It was held to resolve the dispute between the "Pro-Changers" (who wanted to enter the legislative councils) and the "No-Changers" (who wanted to continue the boycott of the councils).
- The session allowed Congressmen to contest the elections to the councils, which was a victory for the Pro-Changers.
About Maulana Abul Kalam Azad:
- He was born on 11 November 1888 at Mecca, in present-day Saudi Arabia, to an Indian family; his family moved to Calcutta.
- His original name was Muhiyuddin Ahmad; he took the pen name "Azad" (free).
- He was a scholar of Islamic theology, Arabic, Persian and Urdu.
- He was a journalist, and his Urdu writings spread nationalist ideas among Muslims.
- He was interned at Ranchi during the First World War.
- He was a leader of the Khilafat Movement and the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- He believed in Hindu-Muslim unity and opposed the two-nation theory and the partition of India.
After Independence:
- He became the first Education Minister of independent India (1947-1958).
- He laid the foundations of many national institutions of education and culture, such as the IITs and the national Akademis of literature, music and art.
- His birthday, 11 November, is celebrated as National Education Day.
- He wrote the book "India Wins Freedom".
- He was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1992.
- He died on 22 February 1958.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Nehru, Bose and Motilal Nehru were older when they first became President.
Quick tip
Remember: youngest Congress President = Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (35, Delhi special session, September 1923); first Education Minister; 11 November = National Education Day.
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Indian National Congress & Its Sessions — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Indian National Congress & Its Sessions, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A. O. Hume, and its first session was held in Bombay under W. C. Bonnerjee. This topic covers the important Congress sessions and their presidents, the moderate and extremist phases, the Surat split, and the founding and role of the Muslim League. Questions commonly ask who presided over a session, where a session was held, or what was decided there. For example, the 1929 Lahore session under Jawaharlal Nehru adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj, and the 1931 Karachi session passed the resolution on Fundamental Rights. The first woman president of the Congress was Annie Besant (Calcutta, 1917). Practise the Indian National Congress questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.