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Question 26 of 54 · Indian States & Union Territories
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Hollong (Dipterocarpus macrocarpus) is the state tree of:

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Answer: Option A — Assam

Detailed Solution

The Hollong tree ("Dipterocarpus macrocarpus") is the state tree of Assam. A closely related hollong tree is also the state tree of Arunachal Pradesh.

About the Hollong tree:

  • It is a very tall, straight evergreen tree that can grow to a height of about 40 to 50 metres or more.
  • It is found in the tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests of Assam and other parts of north-east India.

It belongs to the family Dipterocarpaceae. The name means "two-winged fruit", because its fruit has two wing-like parts that help it spread by wind.

Its wood is used for making plywood, furniture, railway sleepers and in construction.

It produces an oleoresin (an oily resin) that is used in medicine and varnishes.

The Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary in Jorhat district, Assam, is named after this tree. It is the only sanctuary in India named after a gibbon and protects the hoolock gibbon, the only ape found in India.

Other state symbols of Assam:

  • State animal: One-horned rhinoceros (Kaziranga National Park has the world's largest population).
  • State bird: White-winged wood duck ("Deo Hanh"), an endangered bird.
  • State flower: Foxtail orchid ("Kopou Phool"), which is worn in the hair during Bihu.

State trees of some other north-eastern states:

  • Meghalaya: Gamhar (Gmelina arborea).
  • Tripura: Agar (Aquilaria agallocha), source of the fragrant agarwood.
  • Nagaland: Alder.
  • Mizoram: Indian rose chestnut (Nahar).
  • Manipur: Uningthou.
  • Sikkim: Rhododendron.

Forests of north-east India:

The north-eastern region has some of India's highest forest cover. Mizoram has the highest percentage of forest cover among states, and Arunachal Pradesh has the largest forest area in the north-east.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Meghalaya's state tree is the Gamhar.
  • ✗Tripura's state tree is the Agar.
  • ✗Nagaland's state tree is the Alder.

Quick tip

Remember: Hollong = state tree of Assam (tall dipterocarp; Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, Jorhat); Assam: animal = one-horned rhino, bird = white-winged wood duck, flower = foxtail orchid.

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Indian States & Union Territories — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian States & Union Territories, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers state-wise GK for India: capitals, formation dates, high courts, state animals, birds and flowers, famous places, and the culture, dances and festivals that identify each state and union territory. Questions commonly ask about the newest state or union territory, the state formed on a particular date, the capitals of states, and which high court serves more than one state. Keep a single table per state with its capital, formation year and key facts. Reorganisations such as that of Jammu and Kashmir in 2019 change the answers, so make sure your notes are up to date. Practise the Indian states and union territories questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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