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Question 95 of 136 · Indian States & Union Territories
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The Line of Actual Control (LAC) is the effective border between:

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Answer: Option B — India and China

Detailed Solution

The Line of Actual Control (LAC) is the line that separates the areas actually controlled by India and China along their disputed border. India considers it about 3,488 km long, while China considers it much shorter, about 2,000 km.

Origin of the term:

  • The term was used by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in a letter to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru in 1959.
  • After the 1962 war, the line came to mean the positions held by the two sides.
  • It was formally referred to in the India-China agreement of 1993 on maintaining peace and tranquillity along the LAC.

Why the LAC is unclear:

  • The LAC has never been jointly demarcated on maps or on the ground.
  • India and China have different ideas of where it lies in many places, leading to "differing perceptions" and face-offs between patrols.

Sectors of the LAC:

  • Western sector: Ladakh, including the area of Aksai Chin, which China controls but India claims.
  • Middle sector: Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand; the least disputed.
  • Eastern sector: Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh; in Arunachal, India considers the McMahon Line of 1914 as the boundary, but China claims the state as "South Tibet".

Major incidents:

  • 1962: India-China war, mainly in Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh (then NEFA).
  • 2017: Doklam standoff at the India-Bhutan-China trijunction.
  • 2020: Standoffs in eastern Ladakh, including a deadly clash in June 2020 in which 20 Indian soldiers were killed.
  • 2024: An agreement on patrolling arrangements led to disengagement at Depsang and Demchok.

Confidence-building measures:

Agreements of 1993, 1996, 2005, 2012 and 2013 aimed to maintain peace, including commitments not to use firearms near the LAC.

Guarding the LAC:

The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) and the Indian Army guard the LAC.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗The India-Pakistan control line in Jammu and Kashmir is the Line of Control (LoC).
  • ✗India and Bhutan have a settled, open border.
  • ✗China and Nepal have a settled boundary.

Quick tip

Remember: LAC = India-China (about 3,488 km, by India's count); LoC = India-Pakistan; McMahon Line = eastern sector boundary.

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Indian States & Union Territories — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian States & Union Territories, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers state-wise GK for India: capitals, formation dates, high courts, state animals, birds and flowers, famous places, and the culture, dances and festivals that identify each state and union territory. Questions commonly ask about the newest state or union territory, the state formed on a particular date, the capitals of states, and which high court serves more than one state. Keep a single table per state with its capital, formation year and key facts. Reorganisations such as that of Jammu and Kashmir in 2019 change the answers, so make sure your notes are up to date. Practise the Indian states and union territories questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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