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Question 34 of 54 · Indian States & Union Territories
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Who was the first Chief Minister of Assam after independence?

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Answer: Option C — Gopinath Bordoloi

Detailed Solution

Gopinath Bordoloi (1890-1950) was the first Chief Minister of Assam after independence. He became the Premier of Assam in February 1946 and continued as Chief Minister after 1947, until his death on 5 August 1950.

About Gopinath Bordoloi:

  • He was born on 6 June 1890 at Raha, in the present Nagaon district of Assam.
  • He studied at the Presidency College, Calcutta, and became a lawyer.
  • He joined the freedom struggle during the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22) and was imprisoned several times.
  • He was a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi and a leader of the Indian National Congress in Assam.
  • He was popularly known as "Lokapriya" ("beloved of the people").

His most important role:

Under the Cabinet Mission Plan (1946), Assam was placed in "Group C" along with Bengal, where Muslims were in the majority. This could have made Assam part of Pakistan.

Bordoloi strongly opposed this "grouping" and, with the support of Mahatma Gandhi, ensured that Assam remained a part of India.

After independence, he worked to rehabilitate refugees from East Pakistan and to maintain peace in Assam.

He helped establish Gauhati University (1948), the Assam Medical College, the Assam Veterinary College and the Gauhati High Court (1948).

Honours:

  • He received the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1999.
  • The Lokapriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport in Guwahati is named after him.

Other early leaders of Assam:

  • Muhammad Saadulla: the first Premier of Assam province (1937), under the Government of India Act, 1935.
  • Bishnuram Medhi: succeeded Bordoloi as Chief Minister (1950-1957).
  • Bimala Prasad Chaliha: Chief Minister (1957-1970).

Other first Chief Ministers:

  • Shri Krishna Sinha: Bihar ("Bihar Kesari").
  • Govind Ballabh Pant: Uttar Pradesh.
  • Tanguturi Prakasam: Andhra State.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Bishnuram Medhi was the second Chief Minister.
  • ✗Muhammad Saadulla was the first Premier of Assam in 1937, before independence.
  • ✗Bimala Prasad Chaliha was Chief Minister from 1957 to 1970.

Quick tip

Remember: first Chief Minister of Assam after independence = Gopinath Bordoloi ("Lokapriya"; kept Assam out of Group C under the Cabinet Mission; Bharat Ratna 1999; Guwahati airport named after him).

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Indian States & Union Territories — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Indian States & Union Territories, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers state-wise GK for India: capitals, formation dates, high courts, state animals, birds and flowers, famous places, and the culture, dances and festivals that identify each state and union territory. Questions commonly ask about the newest state or union territory, the state formed on a particular date, the capitals of states, and which high court serves more than one state. Keep a single table per state with its capital, formation year and key facts. Reorganisations such as that of Jammu and Kashmir in 2019 change the answers, so make sure your notes are up to date. Practise the Indian states and union territories questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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