A word-arrangement machine rearranges words step by step. In each step, the word that comes first in dictionary order among the words not yet arranged is moved to the next position from the left.Illustration — Input: sun ink bat cowStep I: bat sun ink cowStep II: bat cow sun inkStep III: bat cow ink sunFor the input 'toy pen axe kite map', which step will read 'axe kite map toy pen'?
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Answer: Option B — Step III
Detailed Solution
Order needed: axe, kite, map, pen, toy.
Step I: axe toy pen kite map; Step II: axe kite toy pen map; Step III: axe kite map toy pen.
✓ Check
Step IV moves 'pen' before 'toy' and finishes: axe kite map pen toy.⚠ Common trap
(C) Step IV — that is the final arrangement, one step after the line asked for.Quick tip
One word is fixed per step, so step k has the first k words in final order
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Input-Output — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Input-Output, a key topic in the Logical Reasoning section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
Input-output questions show a machine that rearranges a line of words, numbers or both, step by step, according to a fixed rule. You are given the input and several steps of the arrangement, then asked about the output for a new input, such as what step 4 looks like or how many steps it takes to finish. The first job is to discover the rule. Compare the input with step 1, then step 1 with step 2, and notice which element moves each time and where it goes. Common rules include arranging words in alphabetical order, arranging numbers in increasing or decreasing order, and alternately placing words and numbers at the left and right ends. Once the rule is clear, apply it carefully to the new input, writing each step out. Many machines finish in fewer steps than you might expect, because some elements are already in the right place. Practise the input-output questions below. Each solution explains the rule and shows every step.