The present National Flag of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on:

The present National Flag of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947, a few weeks before Independence.

The resolution:

• The resolution on the National Flag was moved by Jawaharlal Nehru in the Constituent Assembly.
• It was adopted unanimously.

Description of the flag:

• It is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom, in equal proportions.
• The ratio of its width to its length is 2:3.
• In the centre of the white band is a wheel in navy blue, representing the "Chakra" (wheel) taken from the abacus of the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath.
• The diameter of the wheel is approximately the width of the white band.

Meaning of the colours (as explained by Dr S. Radhakrishnan):

• Saffron stands for renunciation or disinterestedness, courage and sacrifice.
• White stands for light, the path of truth, peace and purity.
• Green stands for our relation to the soil, to plant life, on which all other life depends; it also stands for faith, fertility and prosperity.
• The wheel (Chakra) represents the wheel of the law (dharma) and progress; it shows that there is life in movement.

History of the flag:

• The flag is based on an earlier tricolour flag of the Congress, which had a spinning wheel (charkha) in the centre.
• In 1947, the charkha was replaced by the Ashoka Chakra.

Use of the flag:

• The use and display of the flag are governed by the Flag Code of India, 2002, and the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971.
• Since a Supreme Court judgment in the Naveen Jindal case, flying the national flag with respect is part of the freedom of expression.
• The flag should be made of hand-spun and hand-woven khadi (amended in 2021-22 to allow machine-made polyester flags as well).

Why not the other options?

• ✗15 August 1947 was Independence Day; the other dates are not connected with the adoption of the flag.