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The Bhima Devi Temple Complex, an archaeological site with ancient temple remains, is situated at:
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Answer: Option C — Pinjore, Haryana
Detailed Solution
The Bhima Devi Temple Complex is an archaeological site at Pinjore, in the Panchkula district of Haryana, near Chandigarh.
About the Bhima Devi Temple Complex:
- It contains the remains of Hindu temples dating from about the 8th to 11th centuries CE.
- The temples are believed to have been built in the Nagara style during the period of the Gurjara-Pratihara rulers.
- The temples were destroyed in medieval times, and their carved stones were reused in later buildings.
Excavations by the Haryana State Department of Archaeology uncovered the foundations of a large temple and many beautifully carved sculptures of gods and goddesses, such as Shiva, Parvati, Vishnu, Ganesha and Kartikeya, as well as dancers, musicians, celestial maidens (apsaras) and erotic figures.
Many sculptures are displayed in an open-air site museum at the complex.
It is regarded as one of the most important archaeological sites in Haryana.
About Pinjore:
- The town is believed to have been called "Panchpura" in ancient times, and local tradition links it to the Pandavas, who are said to have stayed here during their exile.
- It is famous for the Pinjore Gardens (Yadavindra Gardens), a terraced Mughal garden laid out in the 17th century by Nawab Fidai Khan, a foster brother of Aurangzeb and governor of the region.
- The garden was later owned by the Maharajas of Patiala and renamed after Maharaja Yadavindra Singh.
- It is designed in the Mughal "charbagh" style, with seven terraces, fountains, water channels and palaces such as the Sheesh Mahal and Rang Mahal.
- The annual "Pinjore Heritage Festival" is held in the gardens.
Other archaeological sites of Haryana:
- Rakhigarhi (Hisar district): one of the largest Harappan sites; it has been chosen as one of five "iconic archaeological sites".
- Banawali (Fatehabad) and Bhirrana (Fatehabad): Harappan sites.
- Agroha (Hisar): ancient site linked to Maharaja Agrasen.
- Thanesar (Kurukshetra): capital of Harshavardhana; Harsh ka Tila.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Kurukshetra has the Brahma Sarovar and Jyotisar.
- ✗Mandi has many temples and is called the "Varanasi of the Hills".
- ✗Rupnagar (Ropar) has a Harappan site.
Quick tip
Remember: Bhima Devi Temple Complex = Pinjore, Panchkula, Haryana (8th-11th century temple remains, Pratihara period; site museum); Pinjore Gardens = Mughal garden by Fidai Khan (Yadavindra Gardens); Rakhigarhi = Harappan site in Haryana.
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This topic covers India's important monuments, temples, mosques, churches, gurudwaras and pilgrimage sites, who built them and when, their architectural styles, and India's UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Questions ask who built a monument, where it is located, or which dynasty or style it belongs to. For example, the Qutub Minar was begun by Qutbuddin Aibak, and the Sun Temple at Konark was built by the Eastern Ganga king Narasimhadeva I. Revise the UNESCO World Heritage Sites as a list, noting the most recent additions. Practise the monuments and religious places questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.