SSC · Railway
The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) was founded in:
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Answer: Option D — 1927
Detailed Solution
The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) was founded in 1927.
About FICCI:
It was established on the advice of Mahatma Gandhi by Indian business leaders, especially Ghanshyam Das (G. D.) Birla and Sir Purshottamdas Thakurdas.
It was set up to give a united voice to Indian business and industry, which at that time faced unfair competition and discrimination from British businesses and policies.
It supported the Indian freedom movement and the "Swadeshi" ideal of promoting Indian industry.
It is the oldest and largest apex business organisation in India.
Its headquarters is in New Delhi.
It is a non-governmental, not-for-profit organisation.
It represents thousands of companies, both large and small, from the private and public sectors, and many chambers of commerce and industry associations.
It works on policy advocacy, organising trade fairs and conferences, and building networks between Indian and foreign businesses.
It has played an important role in shaping India's economic policies, especially after the economic reforms of 1991.
It runs the "FICCI Ladies Organisation" (FLO) to promote women entrepreneurs.
Other major business organisations in India:
Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM): founded in 1920; it was originally an association of mainly British chambers of commerce.
Confederation of Indian Industry (CII): founded in 1895 as the "Engineering and Iron Trades Association"; it took its present name in 1992. Its headquarters is in New Delhi.
PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry: founded in 1905.
NASSCOM: 1988; the association of the IT industry.
Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO): 1965.
About G. D. Birla (1894-1983):
- He was an industrialist and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi; he founded the Birla group of companies, including Hindustan Motors.
- Gandhi was staying at his house (Birla House) in Delhi when he was assassinated in 1948.
- He received the Padma Vibhushan in 1957.
Why not the other options?
- ✗1895 is the year the predecessor of CII was founded.
- ✗1920 is the year ASSOCHAM was founded.
- ✗1947 is the year of India's independence.
Quick tip
Remember: FICCI = 1927 (founded on Gandhi's advice by G. D. Birla and Purshottamdas Thakurdas; oldest and largest apex business body; HQ New Delhi); ASSOCHAM = 1920; CII = 1895 (name 1992); NASSCOM = 1988.
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Organisations & Headquarters — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Organisations & Headquarters, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers national and international organisations: the United Nations and its agencies, regional groups such as SAARC, ASEAN and BRICS, global bodies such as the WHO, ILO and UNESCO, and Indian institutions, with their headquarters, founding years, members and heads. Questions typically ask where an organisation is headquartered, when it was founded, or what its full form is. For example, UNESCO is headquartered in Paris and the WHO in Geneva. Membership and leadership change over time, so pair the static facts here with current affairs for recent changes such as new members or new heads. Practise the organisations and headquarters questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.